Facultade de Fisioterapia, Universidade de Vigo, 36005 Pontevedra, Spain.
REMOSS Research Group, Universidade de Vigo, 36005 Pontevedra, Spain.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023 Feb 13;20(4):3264. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20043264.
The presence of female athletes has only increased in recent years, as has the incidence of injuries in female sports activities. These injuries are conditioned by multiple factors, including hormonal agents. It is estimated that the menstrual cycle may be related to the predisposition to suffer an injury. However, a causal relationship has not yet been established. The aim of this study was to analyse the relationship between the menstrual cycle and injuries in female sports practice. A systematic search of the scientific literature available in PubMed, Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, and Sport Discus was carried out in January 2022. With 138 articles, only eight studies were found that met the selection criteria for this study. Peak estradiol is associated with increased laxity, strength, and poor use of neuromuscular control. Thus, the ovulatory phase is associated with an increased risk of injury. In conclusion, it seems that hormonal fluctuations throughout the menstrual cycle alter values such as laxity, strength, body temperature, and neuromuscular control, among others. This fact causes women to constantly adapt to hormonal variations, which exposes them to a higher risk of injury.
近年来，女性运动员的数量不断增加，女性运动活动中的受伤发生率也有所增加。这些损伤受到多种因素的影响，包括激素因素。据估计，月经周期可能与受伤的易感性有关。然而，尚未建立因果关系。本研究旨在分析女性运动实践中月经周期与损伤之间的关系。2022 年 1 月，我们在 PubMed、Medline、Scopus、Web of Science 和 Sport Discus 中进行了系统的科学文献检索。共检索到 138 篇文章，只有 8 项研究符合本研究的选择标准。雌二醇峰值与关节松弛度增加、力量增加和神经肌肉控制不良有关。因此，排卵期与受伤风险增加有关。总之，似乎整个月经周期的激素波动会改变关节松弛度、力量、体温和神经肌肉控制等数值。这一事实使女性不断适应激素变化，使她们更容易受伤。
