Gould Deborah W, Teich Judith L, Pemberton Michael R, Pierannunzi Carol, Larson Sharon
Division of Health Informatics and Surveillance, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia,
J Behav Health Serv Res. 2015 Jan;42(1):6-22. doi: 10.1007/s11414-014-9441-8.
This article summarizes findings from two large-scale, population-based surveys conducted by Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in the Gulf Coast region following the 2010 Deepwater Horizon oil spill, to measure the prevalence of mental and substance use disorders, chronic health conditions, and utilization of behavioral health services. Although many area residents undoubtedly experienced increased levels of anxiety and stress following the spill, findings suggest only modest or minimal changes in behavioral health at the aggregate level before and after the spill. The studies do not address potential long-term effects of the spill on physical and behavioral health nor did they target subpopulations that might have been most affected by the spill. Resources mobilized to reduce the economic and behavioral health impacts of the spill on coastal residents-including compensation for lost income from BP and increases in available mental health services-may have resulted in a reduction in potential mental health problems.
本文总结了物质滥用和精神健康服务管理局(SAMHSA)以及疾病控制与预防中心(CDC)于2010年深水地平线石油泄漏事件后在墨西哥湾沿岸地区开展的两项大规模、基于人群的调查结果,旨在衡量精神和物质使用障碍、慢性健康状况以及行为健康服务的利用情况。尽管毫无疑问许多当地居民在泄漏事件后经历了焦虑和压力水平的上升,但调查结果表明,泄漏前后总体行为健康方面仅有适度或极小的变化。这些研究未涉及泄漏对身心健康的潜在长期影响,也未针对可能受泄漏影响最大的亚人群体。为减少泄漏对沿海居民的经济和行为健康影响而调动的资源——包括英国石油公司(BP)对收入损失的赔偿以及心理健康服务可及性的增加——可能导致了潜在心理健康问题的减少。