Leal-Zanchet Ana Maria, de Souza Stella Teles, Ferreira Rodrigo Lopes
Instituto de Pesquisas de Planárias and Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia, Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos - UNISINOS, 93022-000 São Leopoldo, RS, Brazil.
Centro de Estudos em Biologia Subterrânea, Setor de Zoologia Geral, Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Campus Universitário, Caixa Postal 3037, Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Zookeys. 2014 Sep 23(442):1-15. doi: 10.3897/zookeys.442.8199. eCollection 2014.
Species diversity of Brazilian cave fauna has been seriously underestimated. A karst area located in Felipe Guerra, northeastern Brazil, which is a hotspot of subterranean diversity in Brazil, has revealed more than 20 troglobitic species, most of them still undescribed. Based on recent samplings in this karst area, we document the occurrence of the suborder Cavernicola (Platyhelminthes) in South American hypogean environments for the first time and describe a new genus and species for this suborder. Hausera Leal-Zanchet & Souza, gen. n. has features concordant with those defined for the family Dimarcusidae. The new genus is characterized by two unique features, viz. an intestine extending dorsally to the brain and ovovitelline ducts located dorsally to the nerve cords, which is complemented by a combination of other characters. The type-specimens of Hauserahauseri Leal-Zanchet & Souza, sp. n. are typical stygobionts, unpigmented and eyeless, and they may constitute an oceanic relict as is the case of other stygobiotic invertebrates found in this karst area in northeastern Brazil.
巴西洞穴动物群的物种多样性一直被严重低估。位于巴西东北部费利佩·格拉的一个岩溶地区，是巴西地下多样性的一个热点地区，已发现20多种洞穴物种，其中大多数仍未被描述。基于该岩溶地区最近的采样，我们首次记录了南美地下环境中洞穴扁虫亚目（扁形动物门）的出现，并描述了该亚目的一个新属和新物种。豪泽属（Hausera）Leal-Zanchet & Souza，新属。具有与迪马克斯虫科（Dimarcusidae）所定义的特征一致的特征。这个新属的特征有两个独特之处，即肠道背向延伸至脑部，卵黄卵管位于神经索的背侧，还有其他一些特征组合。豪泽氏豪泽虫（Hauserahauseri）Leal-Zanchet & Souza，新种的模式标本是典型的洞穴生物，无色素且无眼，它们可能像在巴西东北部这个岩溶地区发现的其他洞穴无脊椎动物一样，是海洋遗迹物种。
