基于健康信念模型的教育对尿路感染女性健康信念的影响。
The effect of education based on health belief model on health beliefs of women with urinary tract infection.
作者信息
Javaheri Tehrani Fereshteh, Nikpour Soqra, Haji Kazemi Eftekhar Alsadat, Sanaie Neda, Shariat Panahi Shabnam Alsadat
机构信息
Department of Community Health Nursing, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;
Department of Critical Care Nursing, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.
出版信息
Int J Community Based Nurs Midwifery. 2014 Jan;2(1):2-11.
BACKGROUND
Urinary Tract Infection is one of the commonest infections which affect humans. Half of all women have a UTI in their lifetime and one fourth have recurrent infections. Health behaviours can help patients to prevent Urinary Tract Infection recurrence and changing beliefs is necessary for health behaviour change. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of education based on Health Belief Model on health beliefs of women with Urinary Tract Infection.
METHODS
This is a quasi-experimental study with pre-test and post-test design, conducted on 170 married women with Urinary Tract Infection, referred to selected hospital laboratories in Tehran. The laboratories were divided to experience and control groups. The data collection tool was a "self-administrated" questionnaire which was answered by samples of both groups, prior to the intervention and 12 weeks thereafter. The intervention (education based on Health Belief Model) was performed on the experiment group.
RESULTS
Based on the study results, after the intervention the average score of the perceived susceptibility (P<0.001), perceived severity (P<0.001), perceived benefits (P<0.001), cues to action (P<0.001) and health behaviours (P<0.001) of the experiment group showed a significant increase, compared to the control group, however, the average score of the perceived barriers (P=0.235) of the experiment group was not significantly different compared to the control group.
CONCLUSION
The findings showed that education based on Health Belief Model was effective in promoting the health beliefs (except perceived barriers) and health behaviours of women with Urinary Tract Infection. Therefore, it can be suggested that the mentioned model can be used as one of the strategies for prevention of Urinary Tract Infection in women.
背景
尿路感染是影响人类的最常见感染之一。所有女性中有一半在一生中会患尿路感染，四分之一会反复感染。健康行为有助于患者预防尿路感染复发，而改变观念对于健康行为改变是必要的。本研究的目的是调查基于健康信念模型的教育对尿路感染女性健康观念的影响。
方法
这是一项采用前后测试设计的准实验研究，对170名患有尿路感染的已婚女性进行，这些女性被转诊至德黑兰选定的医院实验室。实验室被分为实验组和对照组。数据收集工具是一份“自填式”问卷，两组样本在干预前及干预后12周均需作答。对实验组进行干预（基于健康信念模型的教育）。
结果
根据研究结果，干预后，实验组的感知易感性（P<0.001）、感知严重性（P<0.001）、感知益处（P<0.001）、行动线索（P<0.001）和健康行为（P<0.001）的平均得分与对照组相比显著增加，然而，实验组的感知障碍平均得分（P=0.235）与对照组相比无显著差异。
结论
研究结果表明，基于健康信念模型的教育在促进尿路感染女性的健康观念（除感知障碍外）和健康行为方面是有效的。因此，可以建议将上述模型用作预防女性尿路感染的策略之一。
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