Gawlik D, Behne D, Kraft D, Offermann G
Hahn-Meitner-Institut Berlin, Fed. Rep. of Germany.
J Trace Elem Electrolytes Health Dis. 1989 Mar;3(1):43-50.
Caesium was measured by instrumental neutron activation analysis in blood plasma and erythrocytes of persons suffering from renal disorders and in age-and sex-matched controls. The disease was at an early stage of development, the patients having creatinine plasma values below 1000 mumol/l. None of them had been dialysed. In a group of 5 patients with plasma creatinine below 250 mumol/l no changes in the blood caesium contents could be observed, but in a group of 17 with plasma creatinine between 250 and 1000 mumol/l the caesium level in the plasma was increased by 70% and in the erythrocytes by 50%, compared to the controls. An effect of renal insufficiency on the caesium metabolism was also observed in rats, in which 5/6-nephrectomy led to increases in the caesium tissue levels (muscle 30%; spleen 25%; pancreas 100%). However, as in the animals the element content in blood plasma and erythrocytes remained unchanged, it is not clear to what extent the nephrectomized rat can be used as a model in the investigation of relations between chronic uraemia and caesium metabolism. It can therefore not yet be decided whether the changes in the blood caesium levels in the patients are due to a decrease in renal excretion or are only a secondary effect of unnoticed changes in dietary habits. The increase in caesium levels suggests, however, that in the first stages of the disease the patients may receive higher radiation doses from the radioisotopes of caesium than the normal population does in the case of environmental or industrial exposure.
采用仪器中子活化分析法测定了患有肾脏疾病的患者以及年龄和性别匹配的对照组的血浆和红细胞中的铯含量。疾病处于发展早期，患者的血浆肌酐值低于1000μmol/L。他们均未接受透析治疗。在一组血浆肌酐低于250μmol/L的5名患者中，未观察到血液铯含量的变化，但在一组血浆肌酐在250至1000μmol/L之间的17名患者中，与对照组相比，血浆铯水平增加了70%，红细胞中铯水平增加了50%。在大鼠中也观察到肾功能不全对铯代谢的影响，5/6肾切除导致铯组织水平升高（肌肉升高30%；脾脏升高25%；胰腺升高100%）。然而，由于在动物中血浆和红细胞中的元素含量保持不变，尚不清楚肾切除大鼠在研究慢性尿毒症与铯代谢之间的关系时能在多大程度上用作模型。因此，尚无法确定患者血液铯水平的变化是由于肾脏排泄减少还是仅仅是饮食习惯未被注意到的变化的继发效应。然而，铯水平的升高表明，在疾病的第一阶段，患者可能比正常人群在环境或工业暴露情况下从铯的放射性同位素中接受更高的辐射剂量。
