Sui Shuang Ge, King Mark E, Li Ling Sophia, Chen Liu Yue, Zhang Yan, Li Ling Jiang
Department of Psychological Trauma Assistance, SpringCare Stress Intervention Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China; Mental Health Institute, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central-South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
Asia Pac Psychiatry. 2014 Dec;6(4):405-13. doi: 10.1111/appy.12155. Epub 2014 Oct 30.
Sexual assault is one of the most traumatic stressors one may experience in life. Although studies have investigated the prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and associated psychosocial factors on victims of sexual assault internationally, such studies in Mainland China are limited.
Two hundred thirt-three Chinese females (aged 17-38) victims of sexual assault were surveyed in three Guangdong province cities (Guangzhou city, Shenzhen city, and Huizhou city). The Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale, Eysenck Personality Questionnaire, PTSD Checklist Civilian Version, Social Support Rating Scale, and Trait Coping Style Questionnaire were used.
The prevalence of PTSD in Chinese female victims of sexual assault was 15.25% (34/223). Six psychosocial factors were found to be significant for PTSD symptomatology, including objective support (β = -1.01, P = 0.001), subjective support (β = -0.59, P < 0.001), support utilization (β = -1.03, P = 0.005), negative coping style (β = 0.58, P < 0.001), positive coping style (β = -0.44, P < 0.001), and neuroticism (β = 0.48, P < 0.001).
These findings suggest that negative coping bias and neuroticism were predisposing risk factors that increase PTSD symptoms, while objective support, subjective support, support utilization, and positive coping style were protective factors for PTSD following sexual assault, and provide prima facie evidence for posttrauma intervention.
性侵犯是人们在生活中可能经历的最具创伤性的应激源之一。尽管国际上已有研究调查了性侵犯受害者创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）的患病率及相关心理社会因素，但中国大陆的此类研究有限。
在广东省的三个城市（广州市、深圳市和惠州市）对223名遭受性侵犯的中国女性（年龄在17 - 38岁之间）进行了调查。使用了临床医生管理的PTSD量表、艾森克人格问卷、PTSD检查表平民版、社会支持评定量表和特质应对方式问卷。
中国女性性侵犯受害者中PTSD的患病率为15.25%（34/223）。发现六个心理社会因素对PTSD症状具有显著影响，包括客观支持（β = -1.01，P = 0.001）、主观支持（β = -0.59，P < 0.001）、支持利用（β = -1.03，P = 0.005）、消极应对方式（β = 0.58，P < 0.001）、积极应对方式（β = -0.44，P < 0.001）和神经质（β = 0.48，P < 0.001）。
这些发现表明，消极应对偏差和神经质是增加PTSD症状的易感风险因素，而客观支持、主观支持、支持利用和积极应对方式是性侵犯后PTSD的保护因素，并为创伤后干预提供了初步证据。
