Kim Eunhee, Zhang Zheng, Wang Youdan, Zeng Donglin
Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistical Sciences, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, U.S.A.
Biometrics. 2014 Dec;70(4):1033-41. doi: 10.1111/biom.12240. Epub 2014 Oct 29.
Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis is widely used to evaluate the performance of diagnostic tests with continuous or ordinal responses. A popular study design for assessing the accuracy of diagnostic tests involves multiple readers interpreting multiple diagnostic test results, called the multi-reader, multi-test design. Although several different approaches to analyzing data from this design exist, few methods have discussed the sample size and power issues. In this article, we develop a power formula to compare the correlated areas under the ROC curves (AUC) in a multi-reader, multi-test design. We present a nonparametric approach to estimate and compare the correlated AUCs by extending DeLong et al.'s (1988, Biometrics 44, 837-845) approach. A power formula is derived based on the asymptotic distribution of the nonparametric AUCs. Simulation studies are conducted to demonstrate the performance of the proposed power formula and an example is provided to illustrate the proposed procedure.
接受者操作特征（ROC）分析被广泛用于评估具有连续或有序反应的诊断测试的性能。一种评估诊断测试准确性的常用研究设计涉及多个读者解读多个诊断测试结果，即所谓的多读者、多测试设计。尽管存在几种不同的方法来分析该设计的数据，但很少有方法讨论样本量和检验效能问题。在本文中，我们推导了一个检验效能公式，用于在多读者、多测试设计中比较ROC曲线下的相关面积（AUC）。我们通过扩展DeLong等人（1988年，《生物统计学》44卷，837 - 845页）的方法，提出了一种非参数方法来估计和比较相关的AUC。基于非参数AUC的渐近分布推导了一个检验效能公式。进行了模拟研究以证明所提出的检验效能公式的性能，并提供了一个示例来说明所提出的程序。
