Dyer Jessie L, Yager Pamela, Orciari Lillian, Greenberg Lauren, Wallace Ryan, Hanlon Cathleen A, Blanton Jesse D
Poxvirus and Rabies Branch, Division of High-Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Disease, CDC, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333.
J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2014 Nov 15;245(10):1111-23. doi: 10.2460/javma.245.10.1111.
During 2013, 53 reporting jurisdictions reported 5,865 rabid animals and 3 human rabies cases to the CDC, representing a 4.8% decrease from the 6,162 rabid animals and 1 human case reported in 2012. Ninety-two percent of reported rabid animals were wildlife. Relative contributions by the major animal groups were as follows: 1,898 raccoons (32.4%), 1,598 bats (27.2%), 1,447 skunks (24.7%), 344 foxes (5.9%), 247 cats (4.2%), 86 cattle (1.5%), and 89 dogs (1.5%). One human case was reported from Maryland. The infection was determined to have been transmitted via organ transplantation. Infection in the organ donor, a North Carolina resident, was retrospectively diagnosed. Both the organ donor and the organ recipient were infected with the raccoon rabies virus variant. The third human case, reported by Texas, involved a Guatemalan resident who was detained while crossing the US border. The infection was determined to be caused by a canine rabies virus variant that circulates in Central America.
2013年期间,53个报告辖区向美国疾病控制与预防中心(CDC)报告了5865只患狂犬病动物和3例人间狂犬病病例,与2012年报告的6162只患狂犬病动物和1例人间病例相比,下降了4.8%。报告的患狂犬病动物中有92%为野生动物。主要动物群体的相对占比情况如下:浣熊1898只(32.4%)、蝙蝠1598只(27.2%)、臭鼬1447只(24.7%)、狐狸344只(5.9%)、猫247只(4.2%)、牛86头(1.5%)、狗89只(1.5%)。马里兰州报告了1例人间病例。经判定,感染是通过器官移植传播的。器官捐献者为北卡罗来纳州居民,其感染情况为回顾性诊断。器官捐献者和器官接受者均感染了浣熊狂犬病病毒变种。得克萨斯州报告的第三例人间病例涉及一名在穿越美国边境时被拘留的危地马拉居民。经判定,感染是由在中美洲传播的一种犬类狂犬病病毒变种引起的。