Lozano Jesus, Kayukawa Takumi, Shinoda Tetsuro, Belles Xavier
Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-UPF), Barcelona, Spain.
Division of Insect Sciences, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
PLoS Genet. 2014 Oct 30;10(10):e1004769. doi: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1004769. eCollection 2014 Oct.
Recent studies in vitro have reported that the Methoprene-tolerant (Met) and Taiman (Tai) complex is the functional receptor of juvenile hormone (JH). Experiments in vivo of Met depletion have confirmed this factor's role in JH signal transduction, however, there is no equivalent data regarding Tai because its depletion in larval or nymphal stages of the beetle Tribolium castaneum and the bug Pyrrhocoris apterus results in 100% mortality. We have discovered that the cockroach Blattella germanica possesses four Tai isoforms resulting from the combination of two indels in the C-terminal region of the sequence. The presence of one equivalent indel-1 in Tai sequences in T. castaneum and other species suggests that Tai isoforms may be common in insects. Concomitant depletion of all four Tai isoforms in B. germanica resulted in 100% mortality, but when only the insertion 1 (IN-1) isoforms were depleted, mortality was significantly reduced and about half of the specimens experienced precocious adult development. This shows that Tai isoforms containing IN-1 are involved in transducing the JH signal that represses metamorphosis. Reporter assays indicated that both T. castaneum Tai isoforms, one that contains the IN-1 and another that does not (DEL-1) activated a JH response element (kJHRE) in Krüppel homolog 1 in conjunction with Met and JH. The results indicate that Tai is involved in the molecular mechanisms that repress metamorphosis, at least in B. germanica, and highlight the importance of distinguishing Tai isoforms when studying the functions of this transcription factor in development and other processes.
最近的体外研究报道,耐甲氧普烯(Met)和泰曼(Tai)复合体是保幼激素(JH)的功能性受体。Met缺失的体内实验证实了该因子在JH信号转导中的作用,然而,关于Tai却没有等效数据,因为在赤拟谷盗和黑腹果蝇的幼虫或若虫阶段缺失Tai会导致100%的死亡率。我们发现德国小蠊拥有四种Tai异构体,这是由序列C端区域的两个插入缺失组合而成。在赤拟谷盗和其他物种的Tai序列中存在一个等效的插入缺失1,这表明Tai异构体可能在昆虫中很常见。在德国小蠊中同时缺失所有四种Tai异构体导致100%的死亡率,但仅缺失插入1(IN-1)异构体时,死亡率显著降低,约一半的标本出现早熟成虫发育。这表明含有IN-1的Tai异构体参与转导抑制变态的JH信号。报告基因检测表明,赤拟谷盗的两种Tai异构体,一种含有IN-1,另一种不含有(DEL-1),与Met和JH一起激活了Krüppel同源物1中的JH反应元件(kJHRE)。结果表明,Tai至少在德国小蠊中参与了抑制变态的分子机制,并突出了在研究该转录因子在发育和其他过程中的功能时区分Tai异构体的重要性。