Almeida N M, Cotarelli V M, Souza D P, Novo R R, Siqueira Filho J A, Oliveira P E, Castro C C
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Botânica, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil.
Plant Biol (Stuttg). 2015 May;17(3):740-5. doi: 10.1111/plb.12283. Epub 2015 Jan 14.
Species of the subtribe Cassiinae present a wide diversity of floral types. Until recently it was considered that this diversity did not extend to their reproductive mechanisms. However, studies have recorded some variations in the enantiostylous pattern in this plant group. This study aims to investigate the morphological and functional variations of enantiostyly in species of the subtribe Cassiinae. Additionally, it proposes the recognition of enantiostylous types (ET) based on pollen deposition and capture mode. Morphological data were collected in fresh and fixed (alcohol 70%) buds and flowers, and also using photos and rehydrated material from herbarium sheets, for a total of 59 species. The parameters used to establish the ETs were pollination type, nature of pollen deposition on the pollinator body, deposition type, number of petals involved in pollen deposition, and pollen pathway. Morpho-functional features allowed the recognition of seven enantiostylous types (Flexuosa, Cana, Macranthera, Martiana, Amiciella, Repens and Ramosa) that present several levels of complexity. The type Ramosa was the most common and the Cana type was the least common. The types Repens, Martiana and Flexuosa do not have reciprocal pollen deposition, thus species with these types may be considered atypical. The groups resulting from similarity analysis partially coincide with the clades proposed in phylogenetic studies of Cassiinae. The recognition of functional ETs is important for understanding the evolution of reproductive strategies of Cassiinae species, and indicates an interesting line of investigation of enantiostyly in other plant groups.
决明亚族的物种呈现出多种多样的花型。直到最近，人们还认为这种多样性并未扩展到它们的繁殖机制。然而，研究记录了该植物类群中对花柱异态模式的一些变化。本研究旨在调查决明亚族物种中对花柱异态的形态和功能变化。此外，它还基于花粉沉积和捕获模式提出了对花柱异态类型（ET）的识别。形态学数据是从新鲜的和固定在70%酒精中的芽和花中收集的，也使用了来自植物标本馆标本的照片和复水材料，总共涉及59个物种。用于确定ET的参数有授粉类型、花粉在传粉者身体上的沉积性质、沉积类型、参与花粉沉积的花瓣数量以及花粉路径。形态功能特征使得能够识别出七种对花柱异态类型（弯曲型、卡纳型、大花型、马蒂亚纳型、阿米西埃拉型、匍匐型和分枝型），这些类型呈现出几个复杂程度的层次。分枝型是最常见的类型，卡纳型是最不常见的类型。匍匐型、马蒂亚纳型和弯曲型没有相互的花粉沉积，因此具有这些类型的物种可能被认为是非典型的。相似性分析得出的类群与决明亚族系统发育研究中提出的进化枝部分重合。对功能性ET的识别对于理解决明亚族物种繁殖策略的进化很重要，并且表明了在其他植物类群中研究对花柱异态的一个有趣方向。
