Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Systems Biology and Physiology Program, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45208; email:
Annu Rev Anim Biosci. 2014 Feb;2:353-74. doi: 10.1146/annurev-animal-022513-114227. Epub 2013 Nov 14.
Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) is a very simple molecule that plays key roles in complex communication mechanisms within the animal body. In the mammary glands, serotonin biosynthesis and secretion are induced in response to dilation of the alveolar spaces. Since its discovery several years ago, mammary 5-HT has been demonstrated to perform two homeostatic functions. First, serotonin regulates lactation and initiates the transition into the earliest phases of involution. Second, serotonin is a local signal that induces parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PTHrP), which allows the mammary gland to drive the mobilization of calcium from the skeleton. These processes use different receptor types, 5-HT7 and 5-HT2, respectively. In this review, we provide synthetic perspectives on the fundamental processes of lactation homeostasis and the adaptation of calcium homeostasis for lactation. We analyze the role of the intrinsic serotonin system in the physiological regulation of the mammary glands. We also consider the importance of the mammary serotonin system in pathologies and therapies associated with lactation and breast cancer.
血清素（5-羟色胺，5-HT）是一种非常简单的分子，在动物体内的复杂通讯机制中发挥着关键作用。在乳腺中，血清素的生物合成和分泌是响应肺泡空间扩张而诱导的。自几年前发现以来，乳腺 5-HT 已被证明具有两种稳态功能。首先，血清素调节泌乳并启动进入 involution 早期阶段的过渡。其次，血清素是一种局部信号，可诱导甲状旁腺激素相关肽（PTHrP），使乳腺能够从骨骼中动员钙。这些过程分别使用不同的受体类型，即 5-HT7 和 5-HT2。在这篇综述中，我们提供了对泌乳稳态的基本过程和钙稳态适应泌乳的综合观点。我们分析了内在血清素系统在乳腺生理调节中的作用。我们还考虑了乳腺血清素系统在与泌乳和乳腺癌相关的病理学和治疗中的重要性。
