De Angelis Danilo, Cattaneo Cristina
LabAnOF, Sezione di Medicina Legale, Università degli Studi di Milano, via L. Mangiagalli 37, Milano, Italy.
J Forensic Sci. 2015 Mar;60(2):505-8. doi: 10.1111/1556-4029.12640. Epub 2014 Nov 12.
Odontological identification consists of the comparison of antemortem dental information regarding a missing person with postmortem data from an unidentified corpse or human remains. Usually, the comparison concerns morphologic features that the operator chooses among all the visible characteristics because of inter-individual uniqueness; for this reason, implants can be of enormous assistance. A case concerning the recovery of a burnt oral implant, connected to a bone fragment, among 2780 charred bone fragments, suspected to have belonged to a victim of homicide, is presented to demonstrate that dental implants and their site of bone integration represent a very precious element for personal forensic identification. Because of their morphological invariability in time and because of their morphologic uniqueness, they were used as evidence to associate unidentified human charred remains to a missing person where DNA analysis failed to do so. The case illustrates the fundamental contribution, not yet described in literature, given by the clinical aspects of tooth replacement with dental implants to a forensic discipline. Clinical practitioners should therefore be aware of the great importance of their work and of dental records in a forensic identification scenario.
牙科学鉴定包括将失踪人员的生前牙科信息与身份不明的尸体或人体遗骸的死后数据进行比对。通常，这种比对涉及操作人员因个体独特性而从所有可见特征中选择的形态特征；因此，植入物可能会有极大帮助。本文介绍了一个案例，在2780块烧焦的骨碎片中发现了一个与骨碎片相连的烧焦口腔植入物，怀疑其属于一名凶杀案受害者，以此证明牙科植入物及其骨整合部位是个人法医鉴定中非常宝贵的元素。由于它们在时间上的形态不变性以及形态独特性，在DNA分析无法做到的情况下，它们被用作将身份不明的烧焦人体遗骸与失踪人员关联起来的证据。该案例说明了牙科植入物牙齿置换的临床方面对法医学科所做出的、尚未在文献中描述的重要贡献。因此，临床从业者应该意识到他们的工作以及牙科记录在法医鉴定场景中的重要性。
