Pickering N K, Chagunda M G G, Banos G, Mrode R, McEwan J C, Wall E
Animal Genomics Team, Invermay Agricultural Centre, AgResearch Limited, Private Bag 50034, Mosgiel, New Zealand.
Scotland's Rural College (SRUC), Kings Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3JG, Scotland, UK.
J Anim Sci. 2015 Jan;93(1):11-20. doi: 10.2527/jas.2014-8302. Epub 2014 Nov 17.
Enteric ruminant methane is the most important greenhouse gas emitted from the pastoral agricultural systems. Genetic improvement of livestock provides a cumulative and permanent impact on performance, and using high-density SNP panels can increase the speed of improvement for most traits. In this study, a data set of 1,726 dairy cows, collected since 1990, was used to calculate a predicted methane emission (PME) trait from feed and energy intake and requirements based on milk yield, live weight, feed intake, and condition score data. Repeated measurements from laser methane detector (LMD) data were also available from 57 cows. The estimated heritabilities for PME, milk yield, DMI, live weight, condition score, and LMD data were 0.13, 0.25, 0.11, 0.92, 0.38, and 0.05, respectively. There was a high genetic correlation between DMI and PME. No SNP reached the Bonferroni significance threshold for the PME traits. One SNP was within the 3 best SNP for PME at wk 10, 20, 30, and 40. Genomic prediction accuracies between dependent variable and molecular breeding value ranged between 0.26 and 0.30. These results are encouraging; however, more work is required before a PME trait can be implemented in a breeding program.
反刍动物肠道产生的甲烷是畜牧农业系统排放的最重要的温室气体。家畜的遗传改良对生产性能具有累积性和永久性影响，使用高密度单核苷酸多态性（SNP）芯片可以提高大多数性状的改良速度。在本研究中，利用自1990年以来收集的1726头奶牛的数据集，根据产奶量、体重、采食量和体况评分数据，从饲料和能量摄入及需求计算出预测甲烷排放量（PME）性状。还获得了57头奶牛激光甲烷探测器（LMD）数据的重复测量值。PME、产奶量、干物质采食量（DMI）、体重、体况评分和LMD数据的估计遗传力分别为0.13、0.25、0.11、0.92、0.38和0.05。DMI和PME之间存在较高的遗传相关性。没有SNP达到PME性状的Bonferroni显著性阈值。在第10周、20周、30周和40周时，有一个SNP位于PME的3个最佳SNP之内。因变量与分子育种值之间的基因组预测准确性在0.26至0.30之间。这些结果令人鼓舞；然而，在PME性状能够应用于育种计划之前，还需要开展更多工作。
