急性淋巴细胞白血病的诊断与亚分类

Chiaretti Sabina, Zini Gina, Bassan Renato

Division of Hematology, Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and Hematology, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy.

Hematology, Catholic University Sacred Heart Policlinico Gemelli, Rome, Italy.

Mediterr J Hematol Infect Dis. 2014 Nov 1;6(1):e2014073. doi: 10.4084/MJHID.2014.073. eCollection 2014.

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a disseminated malignancy of B- or T-lymphoblasts which imposes a rapid and accurate diagnostic process to support an optimal risk-oriented therapy and thus increase the curability rate. The need for a precise diagnostic algorithm is underlined by the awareness that both ALL therapy and related success rates may vary greatly between ALL subsets, from standard chemotherapy in patients with standard-risk ALL, to allotransplantation (SCT) and targeted therapy in high-risk patients and cases expressing suitable biological targets, respectively. This review summarizes how best to identify ALL and the most relevant ALL subsets.

急性淋巴细胞白血病（ALL）是B淋巴细胞或T淋巴细胞的一种播散性恶性肿瘤，它需要快速准确的诊断过程来支持以风险为导向的最佳治疗，从而提高治愈率。由于认识到ALL治疗及其相关成功率在ALL不同亚组之间可能有很大差异，从标准风险ALL患者的标准化疗，到高危患者以及表达合适生物学靶点的病例分别进行同种异体移植（SCT）和靶向治疗，因此对精确诊断算法的需求凸显出来。本综述总结了如何最好地识别ALL以及最相关的ALL亚组。