Barchi F, Kasimatis Singleton M, Magama M, Shaibu S
School of Social Work, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ.
Int Nurs Rev. 2014 Dec;61(4):491-8. doi: 10.1111/inr.12138.
The goal of this multi-institutional collaboration was to develop an innovative, locally relevant ethics curriculum for nurses in Botswana.
Nurses in Botswana face ethical challenges that are compounded by lack of resources, pressures to handle tasks beyond training or professional levels, workplace stress and professional isolation. Capacity to teach nursing ethics in the classroom and in professional practice settings has been limited.
A pilot curriculum, including cases set in local contexts, was tested with nursing faculty in Botswana in 2012.
Thirty-three per cent of the faculty members indicated they would be more comfortable teaching ethics. A substantial number of faculty members were more likely to introduce the International Council of Nurses Code of Ethics in teaching, practice and mentoring as a result of the training. Based on evaluation data, curricular materials were developed using the Code and the regulatory requirements for nursing practice in Botswana. A web-based repository of sample lectures, discussion cases and evaluation rubrics was created to support the use of the materials.
A new master degree course, Nursing Ethics in Practice, has been proposed for fall 2015 at the University of Botswana. The modular nature of the materials and the availability of cases set within the context of clinical nurse practice in Botswana make them readily adaptable to various student academic levels and continuing professional development programmes.
The ICN Code of Ethics for Nursing is a valuable teaching tool in developing countries when taught using locally relevant case materials and problem-based teaching methods.
The approach used in the development of a locally relevant nursing ethics curriculum in Botswana can serve as a model for nursing education and continuing professional development programmes in other sub-Saharan African countries to enhance use of the ICN Code of Ethics in nursing practice.
这项多机构合作的目标是为博茨瓦纳的护士开发一门创新的、与当地实际相关的伦理课程。
博茨瓦纳的护士面临着伦理挑战，而资源匮乏、处理超出培训或专业水平任务的压力、工作场所压力以及职业孤立等因素使这些挑战更加复杂。在课堂和专业实践环境中教授护理伦理的能力一直有限。
2012年，一个包括当地实际案例的试点课程在博茨瓦纳的护理教师中进行了测试。
33%的教师表示他们在教授伦理时会更自在。由于培训，相当多的教师更有可能在教学、实践和指导中引入国际护士理事会伦理守则。根据评估数据，利用该守则和博茨瓦纳护理实践的监管要求编写了课程材料。创建了一个基于网络的样本讲座、讨论案例和评估量规库，以支持这些材料的使用。
博茨瓦纳大学已提议在2015年秋季开设一门新的硕士学位课程“实践中的护理伦理”。这些材料的模块化性质以及在博茨瓦纳临床护士实践背景下的案例可用性，使其很容易适应不同的学生学术水平和继续专业发展计划。
当使用与当地实际相关的案例材料和基于问题的教学方法进行教学时，国际护士理事会护理伦理守则在发展中国家是一种有价值的教学工具。
在博茨瓦纳开发与当地实际相关的护理伦理课程所采用的方法，可以作为撒哈拉以南非洲其他国家护理教育和继续专业发展计划的典范，以加强国际护士理事会伦理守则在护理实践中的应用。
