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在网上寻求帮助:女同性恋、男同性恋、双性恋和跨性别青年、自我伤害与表达“失败”的自我

Asking for help online: Lesbian, gay, bisexual and trans youth, self-harm and articulating the 'failed' self.

作者信息

McDermott Elizabeth

机构信息

Lancaster University, UK

出版信息

Health (London). 2015 Nov;19(6):561-77. doi: 10.1177/1363459314557967. Epub 2014 Nov 19.

Abstract

International evidence suggests that young people are less likely to seek help for mental health problems in comparison with adults. This study focused on lesbian, gay, bisexual and trans young people who are a population group with an elevated risk of suicide and self-harm, and little is known about their help-seeking behaviour. Utilising qualitative virtual methods, lesbian, gay, bisexual and trans youth web-based discussions about seeking help for suicidal feelings and self-harming were investigated. Findings from a thematic analysis indicate that these young people wanted assistance but found it difficult to (1) ask for help, (2) articulate emotional distress and (3) 'tell' their selves as 'failed'. This analysis suggests that key to understanding these problems are emotions such as shame which arise from negotiating norms connected to heterosexuality, adolescence and rationality. I argue that these norms act to regulate what emotions it is possible to feel, what emotions it is possible to articulate and what type of young lives that can be told. The future development of health and social care interventions which aim to reduce lesbian, gay, bisexual and trans youth suicide and self-harm need to work with a nuanced understanding of the emotional life of young people if they are to be effective.

摘要

国际证据表明,与成年人相比,年轻人不太可能因心理健康问题寻求帮助。这项研究聚焦于女同性恋、男同性恋、双性恋和跨性别青年,他们是自杀和自我伤害风险较高的人群,而对于他们的求助行为知之甚少。利用定性虚拟方法,对女同性恋、男同性恋、双性恋和跨性别青年关于因自杀念头和自我伤害寻求帮助的网络讨论进行了调查。主题分析的结果表明,这些年轻人想要得到帮助,但发现很难做到以下几点:(1)寻求帮助;(2)表达情绪困扰;(3)将自己视为“失败者”。该分析表明,理解这些问题的关键在于诸如羞耻等情绪,这些情绪源于与异性恋、青春期和理性相关的规范的协商。我认为,这些规范起到了调节作用,规定了可能感受到的情绪、可能表达的情绪以及能够被讲述的年轻生活类型。旨在减少女同性恋、男同性恋、双性恋和跨性别青年自杀和自我伤害的健康和社会护理干预措施的未来发展,如果要取得成效,就需要对年轻人的情感生活有细致入微的理解。

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