干细胞可使小鼠牵张成骨中受辐射损伤的血管生成恢复活力。
Stem cells rejuvenate radiation-impaired vasculogenesis in murine distraction osteogenesis.
作者信息
Deshpande Sagar S, Gallagher Kathleen K, Donneys Alexis, Nelson Noah S, Guys Nicholas P, Felice Peter A, Page Erin E, Sun Hongli, Krebsbach Paul H, Buchman Steven R
机构信息
Ann Arbor, Mich.; and Charleston, S.C. From the Craniofacial Research Laboratory, the Department of Otolaryngology, and the Section of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Health System; the University of Michigan Medical School; the College of Literature, Sciences, and the Arts, University of Michigan; the Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina; and the Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan Dental School.
出版信息
Plast Reconstr Surg. 2015 Mar;135(3):799-806. doi: 10.1097/PRS.0000000000001024.
BACKGROUND
Radiotherapy is known to be detrimental to bone and soft-tissue repair. Bone marrow stromal cells have been shown to enhance bone regeneration during distraction osteogenesis following radiation therapy. The authors posit that transplanted bone marrow stromal cells will significantly augment the mandibular vascularity devastated by radiation therapy.
METHODS
Nineteen male Lewis rats were split randomly into three groups: distraction osteogenesis only (n = 5), radiation therapy plus distraction osteogenesis (n = 7), and radiation therapy plus distraction osteogenesis with intraoperative placement of 2 million bone marrow stromal cells (n = 7). A mandibular osteotomy was performed, and an external fixator device was installed. From postoperative days 4 through 12, rats underwent a gradual 5.1-mm distraction followed by a 28-day consolidation period. On postoperative day 40, Microfil was perfused into the vasculature and imaging commenced. Vascular radiomorphometric values were calculated for regions of interest. An analysis of variance with post hoc Tukey or Games-Howell tests was used, dependent on data homogeneity.
RESULTS
Stereologic analysis indicated significant remediation in vasculature in the bone marrow stromal cell group compared with the radiation therapy/distraction osteogenesis group. Each of five metrics idicated significant improvements from radiation therapy/distraction osteogenesis to the bone marrow stromal cell group, with no difference between the bone marrow stromal cell group and the distraction osteogenesis group.
CONCLUSIONS
Bone marrow stromal cells used together with distraction osteogenesis can rejuvenate radiation-impaired vasculogenesis in the mandible, reversing radiation therapy-induced isotropy and creating a robust vascular network. Bone marrow stromal cells may offer clinicians an alternative reconstructive modality that could improve the lifestyle of patients with hypovascular bone.
背景
已知放射治疗对骨骼和软组织修复有害。骨髓基质细胞已被证明可在放射治疗后的牵张成骨过程中促进骨再生。作者推测，移植的骨髓基质细胞将显著增强因放射治疗而受损的下颌骨血管生成。
方法
19只雄性Lewis大鼠被随机分为三组：仅牵张成骨组（n = 5）、放射治疗加牵张成骨组（n = 7）和放射治疗加牵张成骨并在术中植入200万个骨髓基质细胞组（n = 7）。进行下颌骨截骨术，并安装外固定装置。从术后第4天至第12天，大鼠逐渐进行5.1毫米的牵张，随后是28天的巩固期。术后第40天，将微管灌注到脉管系统中并开始成像。计算感兴趣区域的血管放射形态计量值。根据数据同质性，使用方差分析及事后Tukey或Games-Howell检验。
结果
体视学分析表明，与放射治疗/牵张成骨组相比，骨髓基质细胞组的脉管系统有显著修复。从放射治疗/牵张成骨组到骨髓基质细胞组，五个指标中的每一个都显示出显著改善，骨髓基质细胞组与牵张成骨组之间无差异。
结论
骨髓基质细胞与牵张成骨联合使用可使下颌骨中受放射损伤的血管生成恢复活力，逆转放射治疗引起的各向同性并形成强大的血管网络。骨髓基质细胞可能为临床医生提供一种替代重建方式，可改善血管减少性骨病患者的生活质量。
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