Reinhart Michael, Carney Tara, Clark Andrew G, Fiumera Anthony C
From the Department of Biological Sciences, Binghamton University, Binghamton, NY (Reinhart, Carney, and Fiumera); and the Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY(Clark).
J Hered. 2015 Jan-Feb;106(1):67-79. doi: 10.1093/jhered/esu076. Epub 2014 Nov 25.
Drosophila melanogaster females commonly mate with multiple males establishing the opportunity for pre- and postcopulatory sexual selection. Traits impacting sexual selection can be affected by a complex interplay of the genotypes of the competing males, the genotype of the female, and compatibilities between the males and females. We scored males from 96 2nd and 94 3rd chromosome substitution lines for traits affecting reproductive success when mated with females from 3 different genetic backgrounds. The traits included male-induced female refractoriness, male remating ability, the proportion of offspring sired under competitive conditions and male-induced female fecundity. We observed significant effects of male line, female genetic background, and strong male by female interactions. Some males appeared to be "generalists" and performed consistently across the different females; other males appeared to be "specialists" and performed very well with a particular female and poorly with others. "Specialist" males did not, however, prefer to court those females with whom they had the highest reproductive fitness. Using 143 polymorphisms in male reproductive genes, we mapped several genes that had consistent effects across the different females including a derived, high fitness allele in Acp26Aa that may be the target of adaptive evolution. We also identified a polymorphism upstream of PebII that may interact with the female genetic background to affect male-induced refractoriness to remating. These results suggest that natural variation in PebII might contribute to the observed male-female interactions.
黑腹果蝇雌性通常会与多个雄性交配，从而为交配前和交配后的性选择创造了机会。影响性选择的性状可能会受到竞争雄性的基因型、雌性的基因型以及雄性与雌性之间兼容性的复杂相互作用的影响。我们对来自96个第二染色体和94个第三染色体替代系的雄性进行了评分，以评估它们在与来自3种不同遗传背景的雌性交配时影响繁殖成功的性状。这些性状包括雄性诱导的雌性不应性、雄性再次交配的能力、竞争条件下所产后代的比例以及雄性诱导的雌性繁殖力。我们观察到雄性品系、雌性遗传背景以及雄性与雌性之间的强烈相互作用产生了显著影响。一些雄性似乎是“通才”，在不同雌性中表现一致；而其他雄性似乎是“专才”，与特定雌性交配时表现出色，与其他雌性交配时则表现不佳。然而，“专才”雄性并不倾向于追求那些与之繁殖适应性最高的雌性。利用雄性生殖基因中的143个多态性，我们定位了几个在不同雌性中具有一致效应的基因，包括Acp26Aa中一个衍生的高适应性等位基因，它可能是适应性进化的目标。我们还在PebII上游鉴定了一个多态性，它可能与雌性遗传背景相互作用，影响雄性诱导的再次交配不应性。这些结果表明，PebII中的自然变异可能导致了观察到的雄性与雌性之间的相互作用。
