D Benson James
Department of Mathematical Sciences, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL, 60115, USA,
Methods Mol Biol. 2015;1257:83-120. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4939-2193-5_3.
Modeling plays a critical role in understanding the biophysical processes behind cryopreservation. It facilitates understanding of the biophysical and some of the biochemical mechanisms of damage during all phases of cryopreservation including CPA equilibration, cooling, and warming. Modeling also provides a tool for optimization of cryopreservation protocols and has yielded a number of successes in this regard. While modern cryobiological modeling includes very detailed descriptions of the physical phenomena that occur during freezing, including ice growth kinetics and spatial gradients that define heat and mass transport models, here we reduce the complexity and approach only a small but classic subset of these problems. Namely, here we describe the process of building and using a mathematical model of a cell in suspension where spatial homogeneity is assumed for all quantities. We define the models that describe the critical cell quantities used to describe optimal and suboptimal protocols and then give an overview of classical methods of how to determine optimal protocols using these models.
建模在理解冷冻保存背后的生物物理过程中起着关键作用。它有助于理解冷冻保存各阶段（包括 CPA 平衡、冷却和复温）中损伤的生物物理和一些生化机制。建模还为优化冷冻保存方案提供了一种工具，并且在这方面已经取得了一些成功。虽然现代低温生物学建模包括对冷冻过程中发生的物理现象的非常详细的描述，包括冰生长动力学以及定义热质传输模型的空间梯度，但在此我们简化复杂性，仅探讨这些问题中的一个小而经典的子集。也就是说，在此我们描述构建和使用悬浮细胞数学模型的过程，其中假定所有量在空间上是均匀的。我们定义用于描述最佳和次优方案的关键细胞量的模型，然后概述使用这些模型确定最佳方案的经典方法。
