Smith E, Gütinger A, Budde-Spengler N, Reiter R, Attenberger M M, Brosch S, Sachse S
Sektion für Phoniatrie und Pädaudiologie, HNO-Univ.-Klinik Ulm, Ulm.
ZNL Transfer Zentrum für Neurowissenschaften und Lernen, Beim Alten Fritz 2, Ulm.
Laryngorhinootologie. 2015 Sep;94(9):579-86. doi: 10.1055/s-0034-1389909. Epub 2014 Nov 27.
By considering their general development, 2-year-old children with delayed speech development (late -talkers, LT) were examined and described with respect to linguistic competence and hearing.
Initially, 50 monolingual German speaking LT (age: 23-28 months) were recruited. In addition to audiological tests (impedance testing, otoacoustic emissions, reaction audiometry), language development status test was performed (clinical impression during examination, expressive vocabulary: FRAKIS, receptive competence: SETK-2).
After exclusion of 10 children with general retarded development (3 premature infants, 2 children with suspicion of autism and 2 children with infantile brain damage) 33 LTs with normal hearing were included. The expressive vocabulary (FRAKIS) of 82% of these 33 LTs were below the normal range. 39% showed deficits in language comprehension tests (SETK-2) although parental reports mentioned language comprehension problems in only 3 LT. No correlation was found between vocabulary (FRAKIS) and language comprehension (SETK-2).
The clinical collective in this study showed severely affected children with a high percentage of other abnormalities and speech perception problems in many cases. Despite normal hearing, vocabulary and especially speech comprehension should also be tested. LT with language comprehension problems require early developmental psychological investigation in order to prevent language and general developmental limitations. Only in this way, remedial instruction adapted to the develop-mental level can be initiated.
通过考虑其总体发育情况,对语言发育迟缓的2岁儿童(学语迟缓儿童,LT)的语言能力和听力进行了检查和描述。
最初,招募了50名单语讲德语的学语迟缓儿童(年龄:23 - 28个月)。除了听力测试(阻抗测试、耳声发射、反应测听法)外,还进行了语言发育状况测试(检查期间的临床印象、表达性词汇:FRAKIS、接受能力:SETK - 2)。
排除10名总体发育迟缓的儿童(3名早产儿、2名疑似自闭症儿童和2名患有婴儿脑损伤的儿童)后,纳入了33名听力正常的学语迟缓儿童。这33名学语迟缓儿童中82%的表达性词汇(FRAKIS)低于正常范围。39%的儿童在语言理解测试(SETK - 2)中表现出缺陷,尽管家长报告仅提及3名学语迟缓儿童存在语言理解问题。在词汇(FRAKIS)和语言理解(SETK - 2)之间未发现相关性。
本研究中的临床群体显示出受严重影响的儿童,在许多情况下存在高比例的其他异常和言语感知问题。尽管听力正常,但也应测试词汇,尤其是言语理解能力。有语言理解问题的学语迟缓儿童需要早期进行发育心理学调查,以防止语言和总体发育受限。只有这样,才能启动适合发育水平的补救教学。