Zheng Qi, Lv Zhenling, Niu Zhixia, Li Bin, Li Hongwei, Xu Steven S, Han Fangpu, Li Zhensheng
State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Cereal Crops Research Unit, Fargo, ND 58102-2765, USA.
J Genet Genomics. 2014 Nov 20;41(11):591-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jgg.2014.06.003. Epub 2014 Jun 14.
Partial amphiploids created by crossing common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and Thinopyrum ponticum (Podp.) Barkworth & D. R. Dewey are important intermediates in wheat breeding because of their resistance to major wheat diseases. In this study, we examined the chromosome compositions of five Xiaoyan-series wheat-Th. ponticum partial amphiploids (Xiaoyan 68, Xiaoyan 693, Xiaoyan 784, Xiaoyan 7430, and Xiaoyan 7631) using GISH, multicolor-GISH, and multicolor-FISH. We found several chromosome changes in these lines. For example, wheat chromosomes 1B and 2B were added in Xiaoyan 68 and Xiaoyan 7430, respectively, while wheat chromosome 6B was eliminated from Xiaoyan 693 and Xiaoyan 7631. Chromosome rearrangements were also detected in these amphiploids, including an interspecific translocation involving chromosome 4D and some intergenomic translocations, such as A-B and A-D translocations, among wheat genomes. Analysis of the Th. ponticum chromosomes in the amphiploids showed that some lines shared the same alien chromosomes. We also evaluated these partial amphiploids for resistance to nine races of stem rust, including TTKSK (commonly known as Ug99). Three lines, Xiaoyan 68, Xiaoyan 784, and Xiaoyan 7430, exhibited excellent resistance to all nine races, and could therefore be valuable sources of stem rust resistance in wheat breeding.
通过将普通小麦（Triticum aestivum L.）与彭提卡偃麦草（Thinopyrum ponticum (Podp.) Barkworth & D. R. Dewey）杂交培育出的部分双二倍体，因其对小麦主要病害具有抗性，是小麦育种中的重要中间材料。在本研究中，我们使用基因组原位杂交（GISH）、多色基因组原位杂交（multicolor-GISH）和多色荧光原位杂交（multicolor-FISH）技术，对5个小偃系列小麦-彭提卡偃麦草部分双二倍体（小偃68、小偃693、小偃784、小偃7430和小偃7631）的染色体组成进行了检测。我们在这些品系中发现了一些染色体变化。例如，小偃68和小偃7430分别添加了小麦染色体1B和2B，而小偃693和小偃7631中则缺失了小麦染色体6B。在这些双二倍体中还检测到了染色体重排，包括涉及染色体4D的种间易位以及小麦基因组间的一些基因组间易位，如A-B和A-D易位。对双二倍体中彭提卡偃麦草染色体的分析表明，一些品系具有相同的外源染色体。我们还评估了这些部分双二倍体对包括TTKSK（通常称为Ug99）在内的9个条锈菌生理小种的抗性。三个品系，小偃68、小偃784和小偃7430，对所有9个生理小种均表现出优异的抗性，因此可能是小麦育种中条锈病抗性的宝贵来源。
