Beard Jordan A, Tenga Alexa, Chen Taosheng
Department of Chemical Biology & Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, MS 1000, Memphis, TN 38105, USA; Integrated Biomedical Sciences Program, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 920 Madison Avenue, Suite 407, Memphis, TN 38163, USA.
Department of Chemical Biology & Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, MS 1000, Memphis, TN 38105, USA; Integrated Biomedical Sciences Program, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 920 Madison Avenue, Suite 407, Memphis, TN 38163, USA.
Cell Signal. 2015 Feb;27(2):257-66. doi: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2014.11.009. Epub 2014 Nov 15.
Nuclear receptor (NR) subfamily 4 group A (NR4A) is a family of three highly homologous orphan nuclear receptors that have multiple physiological and pathological roles, including some in cancer. These NRs are reportedly dysregulated in multiple cancer types, with many studies demonstrating pro-oncogenic roles for NR4A1 (Nur77) and NR4A2 (Nurr1). Additionally, NR4A1 and NR4A3 (Nor-1) are described as tumor suppressors in leukemia. The dysregulation and functions of the NR4A members are due to many factors, including transcriptional regulation, protein-protein interactions, and post-translational modifications. These various levels of intracellular regulation result from the signaling cross-talk of the NR4A members with various signaling pathways, many of which are relevant to cancer and likely explain the family members' functions in oncogenesis and tumor suppression. In this review, we discuss the multiple functions of the NR4A receptors in cancer and summarize a growing body of scientific literature that describes the interconnectedness of the NR4A receptors with various oncogene and tumor suppressor pathways.
核受体（NR）亚家族4 A组（NR4A）是一个由三个高度同源的孤儿核受体组成的家族，它们具有多种生理和病理作用，包括在癌症中的一些作用。据报道，这些核受体在多种癌症类型中表达失调，许多研究表明NR4A1（Nur77）和NR4A2（Nurr1）具有促癌作用。此外，NR4A1和NR4A3（Nor-1）在白血病中被描述为肿瘤抑制因子。NR4A成员的失调和功能归因于许多因素，包括转录调控、蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用和翻译后修饰。这些不同水平的细胞内调节是由NR4A成员与各种信号通路的信号串扰导致的，其中许多信号通路与癌症相关，这可能解释了家族成员在肿瘤发生和肿瘤抑制中的功能。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了NR4A受体在癌症中的多种功能，并总结了越来越多的科学文献，这些文献描述了NR4A受体与各种癌基因和肿瘤抑制通路的相互联系。
