Rosenthal Matthew A
University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV, USA.
Neuropsychologia. 2014 Dec;65:37-40. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2014.10.005. Epub 2014 Oct 16.
This study investigated hemispheric asymmetry in the formation of musical pitch expectations by combining the monaural listening and probe tone paradigms. On each trial, adult participants heard a short context melody and a single pitch (i.e. a probe tone). Both the context and the probe tone were played in the left or right ear. The context was an ascending major scale or pitches from the major scale in a random order. Following each context, participants rated one of three probe tones for how well it fit with the context they just heard. Probe tones were one of two pitches from the major scale (the tonic or the supertonic) or an out-of-set pitch. Participants provided the highest ratings for the tonic, followed by the supertonic, followed by the out-of-set pitch. Ratings did not differ for the tonic or out-of-set pitch between the two ears, but participants provided lower ratings for the supertonic in the right ear. For the ascending context only, the difference in ratings between the tonic and supertonic was greater in the right ear. These results suggest that the left hemisphere differentiates the stability of pitches in a set by forming temporal expectations for specific, in-set pitches.
本研究通过结合单耳聆听和探测音范式，探究了音乐音高期望形成过程中的半球不对称性。在每次试验中，成年参与者会听到一段简短的情境旋律和一个单音高（即探测音）。情境和探测音均通过左耳或右耳播放。情境是一个上行大调音阶或大调音阶中的音高以随机顺序排列。在每个情境之后，参与者对三个探测音中的一个与他们刚刚听到的情境的契合程度进行评分。探测音是大调音阶中的两个音高之一（主音或上主音）或一个组外音高。参与者对主音的评分最高，其次是上主音，然后是组外音高。主音或组外音高在两耳之间的评分没有差异，但参与者对右耳中的上主音的评分较低。仅对于上行情境，右耳中主音和上主音之间的评分差异更大。这些结果表明，左半球通过对特定的组内音高形成时间期望，来区分一组音高中音高的稳定性。
