Simmen Bruno, Darlu Pierre, Hladik Claude Marcel, Pasquet Patrick
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, UMR 7206-Eco-anthropologie et Ethnobiologie, 1 Avenue du Petit Château, 91800 Brunoy, France.
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, UMR 7206-Eco-anthropologie et Ethnologie, 43 rue Buffon, 75005 Paris, France.
Physiol Behav. 2015 Jan;138:193-9. doi: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2014.10.018. Epub 2014 Oct 30.
Studies of how a mammal's daily energy expenditure scales with its body mass suggest that humans, whether Westerners, agro-pastoralists, or hunter-gatherers, all have much lower energy expenditures for their body mass than other mammals. However, non-human primates also differ from other mammals in several life history traits suggestive of low energy use. Judging by field metabolic rates of free-ranging strepsirhine and haplorhine primates with different lifestyle and body mass, estimated using doubly labeled water, primates have lower energy expenditure than other similar-sized eutherian mammals. Daily energy expenditure in humans fell along the regression line of non-human primates. The results suggest that thrifty energy use could be an ancient strategy of primates. Although physical activity is a major component of energy balance, our results suggest a need to revise the basis for establishing norms of energy expenditure in modern humans.
关于哺乳动物每日能量消耗如何随体重变化的研究表明，人类，无论是西方人、农牧民还是狩猎采集者，相对于其体重而言，能量消耗都比其他哺乳动物低得多。然而，非人类灵长类动物在一些表明低能量消耗的生活史特征方面也与其他哺乳动物不同。根据使用双标水估算的、具有不同生活方式和体重的野生狐猴型和类人猿型灵长类动物的野外代谢率来判断，灵长类动物的能量消耗比其他体型相似的真兽类哺乳动物要低。人类的每日能量消耗落在非人类灵长类动物的回归线上。结果表明，节约能量的使用可能是灵长类动物的一种古老策略。虽然身体活动是能量平衡的一个主要组成部分，但我们的结果表明有必要修订现代人类能量消耗规范的制定依据。
