Chen Yujie, Zhao Zhongzhen, Chen Hubiao, Yi Tao, Qin Minjian, Liang Zhitao
School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Resources Science of Traditional Chinese Medicines, State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.
Phytochem Anal. 2015 Mar-Apr;26(2):145-60. doi: 10.1002/pca.2546. Epub 2014 Dec 2.
Asian and American ginsengs are widely used medicinal materials and are being used more and more in health products. The two materials look alike but function differently. Various forms of both types of ginseng are found in the market, causing confusion for consumers in their choice.
To evaluate the overall quality of commercial Asian and American ginsengs and investigate the characteristic chemical markers for differentiating between them.
This article investigated 17 Asian and 21 American ginseng samples using an ultra-HPLC combined with quadrupole time-of-flight MS/MS technique. The data were processed by principal component analysis and orthogonal partial least squared discriminant analysis.
In the chromatograms, a total of 40 peaks were detected. Among them, six were positively identified, and all of the remainder were tentatively identified. According to statistical results, ginsenosides Rf, Rb2 and Rc together with their isomers and derivatives were more likely to be present in Asian ginsengs, whereas ginsenoside Rb1 , pseudoginsenoside F11 and ginsenoside Rd together with their isomers and derivatives tended to be present in American ginsengs. For Asian ginsengs, ginsenoside Ra3 and 20-β-D-glucopyranosyl-ginsenoside-Rf were more likely to be present in forest samples, whereas contents of floralquinquenoside B, ginsenosides Ro and Rc, and zingibroside R1 were higher in sun-dried ginsengs. For American ginseng, wild samples often had more of the notoginsenosides R1 and Rw2 and less of the ginsenosides Rd, Rd isomer and 20 (S)-Rg3 than cultivated samples.
The method provided important fingerprint information for authentication and evaluation of Asian and American ginsengs from various commercial products.
亚洲人参和西洋参是广泛使用的药材，并且在保健品中的应用越来越多。这两种药材外观相似但功效不同。市场上存在这两种人参的各种形式，这给消费者的选择带来了困惑。
评估市售亚洲人参和西洋参的整体质量，并研究区分它们的特征性化学标志物。
本文采用超高效液相色谱结合四极杆飞行时间串联质谱技术，对17个亚洲人参样品和21个西洋参样品进行了研究。数据通过主成分分析和正交偏最小二乘判别分析进行处理。
在色谱图中，共检测到40个峰。其中，6个峰得到了明确鉴定，其余均为初步鉴定。根据统计结果，人参皂苷Rf、Rb2和Rc及其异构体和衍生物更可能存在于亚洲人参中，而人参皂苷Rb1、拟人参皂苷F11和人参皂苷Rd及其异构体和衍生物则更倾向于存在于西洋参中。对于亚洲人参，人参皂苷Ra3和20-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-人参皂苷-Rf更可能存在于林下参样品中，而花旗参皂苷B、人参皂苷Ro和Rc以及姜状三七苷R1在生晒参中的含量较高。对于西洋参，野生样品中三七皂苷R1和Rw2的含量通常比栽培样品更多，而人参皂苷Rd、Rd异构体和20(S)-Rg3的含量则更少。
该方法为鉴定和评估各种市售产品中的亚洲人参和西洋参提供了重要的指纹信息。
