防护装置对尼日利亚伊巴丹道路交通颌面损伤严重程度的影响。

The impact of protective devices on the severity of road traffic maxillofacial injuries in ibadan, Nigeria.

作者信息

Aladelusi To, Akinmoladun Vi, Olusanya Aa, Fasola Ao, Akadiri Oa

出版信息

J West Afr Coll Surg. 2013 Jan;3(1):25-39.

PMID:25453010

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4228809/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Road traffic crashes related maxillofacial injuries constitute a major part of the trauma workload of the maxillofacial surgeon. These injuries are sometimes fatal and may be associated with long term psychosocial sequelae. Several devices have been designed to reduce the severity of these injuries and therefore diminish the associated morbidity and mortality.

AIM AND OBJECTIVE

To evaluate the influence of restraints and protective devices on the severity of road traffic maxillofacial injuries.

DESIGN OF THE STUDY

A prospective study.

METHOD

A prospective study of patients managed at the University College Hospital, Ibadan for road traffic crashes-related oral and maxillofacial injuries. Demographic variables, types of vehicles involved (categorized into A- 2 wheelers and B- 4whellers), seat position, use or non-use of protective devices and type of injury sustained as well as injury severity assessed based on the Maxillofacial Injury Severity Scale (MFISS) were recorded in a proforma. Correlations between injury types, severity, and use of protective devices were determined using IBM SPSS version 20.0 RESULTS: Out of 155 patients reviewed, 134(86.5%) were males while 21(13.5%) were females. There were 84(54.2%) participants in Category A vehicles and 71(45.8%) in Category B vehicles. About 15.5% (13/84) in Category A and 22.5% (16/71) in Category B used protective devices (crash helmet and seat belt respectively). However, there was no statistically significant difference between the median MFISS score for those that used protective devices and those who did not in both categories (P= 0.862 for Category A; P = 0.64 for Category B) Conclusion: The rate of use of protective devices was relatively low among commuters in the study. However, it was noted that the use of the devices made no difference to the severity of maxillofacial injuries using the MFISS. Public enlightenment on the proper use of restraint devices should be intensified.

摘要

背景

道路交通碰撞相关的颌面损伤是颌面外科医生创伤工作量的主要组成部分。这些损伤有时会致命，并且可能伴有长期的心理社会后遗症。已经设计了几种装置来降低这些损伤的严重程度，从而减少相关的发病率和死亡率。

目的

评估约束装置和防护设备对道路交通颌面损伤严重程度的影响。

研究设计

一项前瞻性研究。

方法

对在伊巴丹大学学院医院接受治疗的道路交通碰撞相关口腔颌面损伤患者进行前瞻性研究。在一份表格中记录人口统计学变量、所涉车辆类型（分为A类——两轮车和B类——四轮车）、座位位置、是否使用防护设备以及所受损伤类型，以及根据颌面损伤严重程度量表（MFISS）评估的损伤严重程度。使用IBM SPSS 20.0版确定损伤类型、严重程度与防护设备使用之间的相关性。结果：在155名接受复查的患者中，134名（86.5%）为男性，21名（13.5%）为女性。A类车辆中有84名（54.2%）参与者，B类车辆中有71名（45.8%）。A类中约15.5%（13/84）和B类中22.5%（16/71）使用了防护设备（分别为防撞头盔和安全带）。然而，两类中使用防护设备者和未使用者的MFISS中位数评分之间没有统计学上的显著差异（A类P = 0.862；B类P = 0.64）。结论：研究中的通勤者使用防护设备的比例相对较低。然而，值得注意的是，使用这些设备对使用MFISS评估的颌面损伤严重程度并无影响。应加强对正确使用约束装置的公众宣传。