Oginni F O, Ajike S O, Obuekwe O N, Fasola O
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, College of Health Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
Traffic Inj Prev. 2009 Mar;10(1):70-5. doi: 10.1080/15389580802496968.
This 12-month prospective multi-center study was designed to ascertain the entire injury profile, injury severity, and risk factors in motorcycle injured Nigerian maxillofacial patients.
With a validated investigator-administered questionnaire, we obtained data from motorcycle-injured in- and out-patients managed in the maxillofacial units of four Nigerian teaching hospitals. Standardized information on host factors, agent, and type of crash as well as location, type, and extent of injury were elicited. Injuries were scored using the Facial Injury Severity and Abbreviated Injury scales (FISS, AIS).
A significant male preponderance was observed (p = 0.003) with peak age 21-30 years; 62.7% of the patients were riders. Alcohol/substance abuse was implicated in 31.2% of riders, fatigue in 13.5%, and bad roads in 17.6%. The rate of helmet use was 3%. The predominant type of crash was head-on collision (HOC) 58%). Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score ranged from 5 to 15 with mean 13.3 (3.5); Facial Injury Severity Score (FISS) ranged from 1 to 11, mean 3.7 (1.9); and Abbreviated Injury Score was mostly 2. FISS was not significantly different between both genders (p = 0.26) and road types (p > 0.05). The mean FISS was greater with multiple passengers than with single or no passengers (p = 0.12) and lower with crashes involving motorcycles carrying heavier loads (p = 0.022). Six of the patients died (2.7% fatality) in the course of their hospitalization all within a month of injury.
We advocate prompt legislation of a ban on greater than one passenger on a motorcycle, impaired (substance abuse) operation on a motorcycle, and stronger enforcement of speed limit and adoption of legislation that would make it mandatory to wear a full-face helmet when operating a motorcycle in Nigeria.
这项为期12个月的前瞻性多中心研究旨在确定尼日利亚颌面受伤摩托车驾乘者的整体损伤情况、损伤严重程度及风险因素。
通过一份经过验证的由调查员管理的问卷，我们从尼日利亚四家教学医院颌面科诊治的摩托车受伤门诊及住院患者处获取数据。收集了关于宿主因素、致伤因素、碰撞类型以及损伤部位、类型和程度的标准化信息。使用面部损伤严重程度和简明损伤量表（FISS、AIS）对损伤进行评分。
观察到男性占比显著更高（p = 0.003），高峰年龄为21 - 30岁；62.7%的患者为驾乘者。31.2%的驾乘者涉及酒精/药物滥用，13.5%涉及疲劳驾驶，17.6%涉及路况不佳。头盔使用率为3%。主要碰撞类型为正面碰撞（HOC，58%）。格拉斯哥昏迷量表（GCS）评分范围为5至15分，平均13.3（3.5）分；面部损伤严重程度评分（FISS）范围为1至11分，平均3.7（1.9）分；简明损伤评分大多为2分。FISS在性别之间（p = 0.26）和道路类型之间（p > 0.05）无显著差异。多名乘客时的平均FISS高于单名乘客或无乘客时（p = 0.12），涉及载重量较大摩托车的碰撞时FISS较低（p = 0.022）。6名患者在住院期间死亡（死亡率2.7%），均在受伤后一个月内。
我们主张迅速立法禁止摩托车搭载一名以上乘客、禁止摩托车酒驾（药物滥用），加强限速执法，并通过立法规定在尼日利亚骑乘摩托车时必须佩戴全脸头盔。
