Han Mingyuan, Yoo Dongwan
Department of Pathobiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61802, United States.
Department of Pathobiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61802, United States.
Vet Microbiol. 2014 Dec 5;174(3-4):279-295. doi: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2014.10.007. Epub 2014 Oct 23.
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is endemic in most pig producing countries worldwide and causes enormous economic losses to the pork industry. Infectious clones for PRRSV have been constructed, and so far at least 14 different infectious clones are available representing both genotypes I and II. Two strategies have been taken for progeny reconstitution: RNA transfection and DNA transfection. Mutations, insertions, deletions, and replacements of the viral genome have been employed to study the structure function relationship, foreign gene expression, functional complementation, and virulence determinants. Essential regions and non-essential regions for viral replication have been identified in both the coding regions and non-encoding regions. Foreign sequences have successfully been inserted into the nsp2 and N regions and in the space between ORF1b and ORF2a. Chimeras between member viruses in the family Arteriviridae have also been constructed and utilized to study cell tropism and functional complementation. This review discusses the advances and utilization of PRRSV reverse genetics and its potential for future research.
猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒（PRRSV）在全球大多数养猪国家呈地方流行性，给猪肉产业造成巨大经济损失。PRRSV的感染性克隆已构建完成，到目前为止，至少有14种不同的感染性克隆可供使用，涵盖了I型和II型两种基因型。子代病毒重组采用了两种策略：RNA转染和DNA转染。通过对病毒基因组进行突变、插入、缺失和替换，来研究结构功能关系、外源基因表达、功能互补以及毒力决定因素。在编码区和非编码区均已确定了病毒复制的必需区域和非必需区域。外源序列已成功插入到nsp2和N区域以及ORF1b与ORF2a之间的间隔区。动脉炎病毒科成员病毒之间的嵌合体也已构建并用于研究细胞嗜性和功能互补。本文综述了PRRSV反向遗传学的进展与应用及其未来研究潜力。
