Evren Cuneyt, Evren Bilge, Bozkurt Muge, Ciftci-Demirci Arzu
Int J Adolesc Med Health. 2015 Nov;27(4):405-13. doi: 10.1515/ijamh-2014-0040.
The aim of this study was to determine the effects of life-time tobacco, alcohol, and substance use on psychological and behavioral variables among 10th grade students in Istanbul/Turkey.
This study employed a cross-sectional online self-report survey conducted in 45 schools from the 15 districts in Istanbul. The questionnaire featured a section about use of substances, including tobacco, alcohol, and drugs. The depression, anxiety, anger, assertiveness, sensation seeking and impulsiveness subscales of the Psychological Screening Test for Adolescents (PSTA) were used. The analyses were conducted based on 4957 subjects.
Logistic regression analyses were conducted with each school with the related and behavioral variables as the dependent variables. Gender, tobacco, alcohol, and drug use being the independent variables. All four independent variables predicted the dependent variables. Lifetime tobacco and drug use had significant effects on all the subscale score, whereas lifetime alcohol use had significant effects on all the subscale scores other than lack of assertiveness, and male gender was a significant covariant for all the subscale scores. Drug use showed the highest effect on dependent variables. Interaction was found between effects of tobacco and alcohol on anxiety, whereas interactions were found between effects of tobacco and drugs on lack of assertiveness and impulsiveness.
The findings suggested that male students with lifetime tobacco, alcohol or drug use have particularly high risk of psychological and behavioral problems. The unique effects of substance clusters on these problems may be useful in developing secondary preventive practices for substance use and abuse problems in Istanbul.
本研究旨在确定终生吸烟、饮酒和使用毒品对土耳其伊斯坦布尔十年级学生心理和行为变量的影响。
本研究采用横断面在线自我报告调查，在伊斯坦布尔15个区的45所学校进行。问卷中有一部分关于物质使用情况，包括烟草、酒精和毒品。使用了青少年心理筛查测试（PSTA）的抑郁、焦虑、愤怒、自信、感觉寻求和冲动性子量表。分析基于4957名受试者进行。
以各学校的相关和行为变量为因变量，性别、烟草、酒精和毒品使用为自变量进行逻辑回归分析。所有四个自变量均能预测因变量。终生吸烟和吸毒对所有子量表得分均有显著影响，而终生饮酒对除缺乏自信外的所有子量表得分均有显著影响，男性性别是所有子量表得分的显著协变量。吸毒对因变量的影响最大。发现烟草和酒精对焦虑的影响之间存在交互作用，而烟草和毒品对缺乏自信和冲动性的影响之间存在交互作用。
研究结果表明，终生吸烟、饮酒或吸毒的男学生出现心理和行为问题的风险特别高。物质集群对这些问题的独特影响可能有助于为伊斯坦布尔的物质使用和滥用问题制定二级预防措施。
