Institut für Zytobiologie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Robert-Koch-Str. 6, 35032 Marburg, Germany.
Curr Opin Microbiol. 2014 Dec;22:111-9. doi: 10.1016/j.mib.2014.09.015.
Mitochondria are indispensable in eukaryotes because of their function in the maturation of cytosolic and nuclear iron–sulfur proteins that are essential for DNA synthesis and repair, tRNA modification, and protein translation. The mitochondrial Fe/S cluster assembly machinery not only generates the organelle's iron–sulfur proteins, but also extra-mitochondrial ones. Biogenesis of the latter proteins requires the mitochondrial ABC transporter Atm1 that exports a sulfur-containing compound in a glutathione-dependent fashion. The process is further assisted by the cytosolic iron–sulfur protein assembly machinery. Here, we discuss the knowns and unknowns of the mitochondrial export process that is also crucial for signaling the cellular iron status to the regulatory systems involved in the maintenance of cellular iron homeostasis.
线粒体在真核生物中不可或缺，因为它们在细胞质和核铁硫蛋白的成熟中发挥作用，而铁硫蛋白对于 DNA 合成和修复、tRNA 修饰和蛋白质翻译至关重要。线粒体 Fe/S 簇组装机制不仅生成细胞器的铁硫蛋白，还生成额外的线粒体铁硫蛋白。后者蛋白质的生物发生需要线粒体 ABC 转运蛋白 Atm1，它以谷胱甘肽依赖的方式输出含硫化合物。这一过程还得到细胞质铁硫蛋白组装机制的辅助。在这里，我们讨论线粒体输出过程的已知和未知部分，该过程对于向参与维持细胞铁稳态的调节系统发出细胞铁状态信号也至关重要。
