Andersen Michael J, Hosner Peter A, Filardi Christopher E, Moyle Robert G
American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West at 79th St., New York, NY 10024, USA; Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology and Biodiversity Institute, University of Kansas, 1345 Jayhawk Blvd., Lawrence, KS 66045, USA.
Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology and Biodiversity Institute, University of Kansas, 1345 Jayhawk Blvd., Lawrence, KS 66045, USA; Department of Biology, University of Florida, 512 Bartram Hall, Gainesville, FL 32603, USA.
Mol Phylogenet Evol. 2015 Feb;83:118-36. doi: 10.1016/j.ympev.2014.11.010. Epub 2014 Nov 22.
Monarch flycatchers are a major component of Australo-Pacific and Wallacean avifaunas. To date, the family has received incomplete attention by molecular systematists who focused on subclades with minimal character and/or taxon sampling. As a result, Monarchidae taxonomy is still out-of-date, and biogeographic reconstructions have been based on poorly-resolved phylogenies, limiting their interpretation. Here, we produced a comprehensive, molecular phylogeny of the Monarchidae inferred from mitochondrial and nuclear loci using both concatenated and multilocus coalescent frameworks. We sampled 92% of the 99 recognized monarchid biological species and included deeper sampling within several phylogenetic species complexes, including Monarcha castaneiventris, Symposiachrus barbatus, and Terpsiphone rufiventer. Melampitta is identified as sister to the monarch flycatchers, which themselves comprise four major lineages. The first lineage comprises Terpsiphone and allies, the second lineage is Grallina, the third is Arses and Myiagra, and the fourth lineage comprises a diverse assemblage of genera including the "core monarchs" and the most geographically isolated groups like Chasiempis (Hawaii) and Pomarea (eastern Polynesia). Gene tree discordance was evident in Myiagra, which has implications for basal lineages in the genus (e.g., M. azureocapilla, M. hebetior, and M. alecto). Numerous genera within the core monarchs are paraphyletic, including Mayrornis and Pomarea, whereas the validity of others such as Metabolus are questionable. We recognize polytypic taxa as multiple species, including Lamprolia victoriae and Myiagra azureocapilla. In general, the topology of species complexes included short internodes that were not well resolved, owing to their rapid diversification across island archipelagos. Terpsiphone rufiventer comprises multiple lineages, including a heretofore-unappreciated West African lineage, but relationships within these rapid radiations will require extensive genomic sampling for further resolution. This study establishes a new benchmark for Monarchidae systematics and it provides an excellent framework for future work on biogeography and character evolution in a diverse Australo-Papuan radiation.
王鹟是澳大拉西亚 - 太平洋地区和华莱士地区鸟类区系的主要组成部分。迄今为止，该科在分子系统学家那里受到的关注并不全面，这些分子系统学家专注于特征和/或分类单元采样极少的亚分支。因此，王鹟科的分类法仍然过时，生物地理重建基于解析度很差的系统发育树，限制了对其的解读。在此，我们利用串联和多位点合并框架，从线粒体和核基因座推断出了王鹟科全面的分子系统发育树。我们对99种已确认的王鹟生物物种中的92%进行了采样，并在几个系统发育物种复合体中进行了更深入的采样，包括栗腹王鹟、须冠王鹟和红腹寿带鸟。黑鹟被确定为王鹟的姐妹群，王鹟本身包括四个主要谱系。第一个谱系包括寿带鸟及其近缘种，第二个谱系是白领王鹟，第三个谱系是白腹王鹟和暗灰鹟，第四个谱系包括多种属的组合，包括“核心王鹟”以及地理上最孤立的类群，如夏威夷的叉尾王鹟和东波利尼西亚的马岛王鹟。基因树不一致在暗灰鹟中很明显，这对该属的基部谱系（如蓝帽暗灰鹟、钝暗灰鹟和黑背暗灰鹟）有影响。核心王鹟中的许多属是并系的，包括扇尾王鹟属和马岛王鹟属，而其他一些属（如变色王鹟属）的有效性值得怀疑。我们将多型分类单元识别为多个物种，包括维多利亚王鹟和蓝帽暗灰鹟。总体而言，物种复合体的拓扑结构包含短的节点间分支，由于它们在岛屿群岛上的快速分化而没有得到很好的解析。红腹寿带鸟包括多个谱系，包括一个迄今未被重视的西非谱系，但这些快速辐射谱系内部的关系需要广泛的基因组采样才能进一步解析。这项研究为王鹟科系统学建立了一个新的基准，并为未来关于澳大拉西亚 - 巴布亚地区多样化辐射中的生物地理学和特征进化的研究提供了一个极好的框架。
