Miller Melissa R, Mansell Steven A, Meyers Stuart A, Lishko Polina V
Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States; Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, United States.
Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States.
Cell Calcium. 2015 Jul;58(1):105-13. doi: 10.1016/j.ceca.2014.10.009. Epub 2014 Oct 29.
Motility and fertilization potential of mammalian sperm are regulated by ion homeostasis which in turn is under tight control of ion channels and transporters. Sperm intracellular pH, membrane voltage and calcium concentration ([Ca(2+)]i) are all important for sperm activity within the female reproductive tract. While all mammalian sperm are united in their goal to find and fertilize an egg, the molecular mechanisms they utilize for this purpose are diverse and differ between species especially on the level of ion channels. Recent direct recording from sperm cells of different species indicate the differences between rodent, non-human primate, ruminant, and human sperm on the basic levels of their ion channel regulation. In this review we summarize the current knowledge about ion channel diversity of the animal kingdom and concentrate our attention on flagellar ion channels of mammalian sperm.
哺乳动物精子的运动能力和受精潜力受离子稳态调节，而离子稳态又受到离子通道和转运蛋白的严格控制。精子细胞内pH值、膜电压和钙浓度（[Ca(2+)]i）对精子在雌性生殖道内的活性均至关重要。尽管所有哺乳动物精子的共同目标都是找到卵子并使其受精，但它们为此所利用的分子机制多种多样，且物种之间存在差异，尤其是在离子通道水平上。最近对不同物种精子细胞的直接记录表明，啮齿动物、非人灵长类动物、反刍动物和人类精子在离子通道调节的基本水平上存在差异。在本综述中，我们总结了目前关于动物界离子通道多样性的知识，并将注意力集中在哺乳动物精子的鞭毛离子通道上。
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