Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China.
Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Nanjing, P.R. China.
FASEB J. 2023 Jul;37(7):e23052. doi: 10.1096/fj.202300756R.
The ion channels in sperm tail play an important role in triggering key physiological reactions, e.g., progressive motility, hyperactivation, required for successful fertilization. Among them, CatSper and KSper have been shown to be important ion channels for the transport of Ca and K . Moreover, the voltage-gated proton channel Hv1, the sperm-specific sodium-hydrogen exchanger (sNHE), the epithelial sodium channel (ENaC), members of the temperature-sensitive TRP channel family, and the cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator (CFTR) are also found in the flagellum. This review focuses on the latest advances in ion channels located at the flagellum, describes how they affect sperm physiological function, and summarizes some primary mutual regulation mechanism between ion channels, including PH, membrane potential, and cAMP. These ion channels may be promising targets for clinical application in infertility.
精子尾部的离子通道在触发关键的生理反应中起着重要作用，例如，前进运动、超激活，这些都是成功受精所必需的。其中，CatSper 和 KSper 已被证明是 Ca 和 K 运输的重要离子通道。此外，电压门控质子通道 Hv1、精子特异性钠-氢交换器 (sNHE)、上皮钠通道 (ENaC)、温度敏感的 TRP 通道家族成员以及囊性纤维化跨膜转导调节因子 (CFTR) 也存在于鞭毛中。本文综述了位于鞭毛的离子通道的最新进展，描述了它们如何影响精子的生理功能，并总结了离子通道之间的一些主要相互调节机制，包括 PH、膜电位和 cAMP。这些离子通道可能是不孕临床应用的有前途的靶点。
