Costa Kalidia Felipe de Lima, Amóra Sthenia Santos Albano, Couto Camila Fernandes de Amorim, Souza Celeste da Silva Freitas de, Silva Luanna Fernandes, d'Escoffier Luiz Ney, Sousa Maressa Laíse Reginaldo de, Kazimoto Thais Aparecida
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ambiente, Tecnologia e Sociedade, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Mossoró, RN.
Laboratório de Imunomodulação e Protozoologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Rev Soc Bras Med Trop. 2014 Sep-Oct;47(5):607-12. doi: 10.1590/0037-8682-0167-2014.
An awareness of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is necessary to encourage the population to participate in prevention and control in collaboration with more efficient, centrally organized health programs. The aim of this study was to evaluate the awareness of the riverside population regarding VL and the association between awareness and the prevalence of canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL).
In total, 71 people living in riverside areas in the City of Mossoró in State of Rio Grande do Norte participated of the study, and 71 dogs were tested for CVL by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Association analysis of several variables related to knowledge of the riverside population regarding CVL positivity was performed, yielding odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI), and significance was determined using chi-square (χ2) and Fisher's exact tests.
Among individuals whose dogs tested positive for CVL, 60% did not know the cure for CVL, and these subjects were three times more likely to have a dog test positive for CVL than those who were aware the cure for CVL. Knowledge of CVL cure was the only variable that remained in the logistic model after the successive removal of variables, with an adjusted OR of 3.11 (95%CI: 1.1-8,799; p=0.032).
Insufficient awareness regarding VL in riverside areas with CVL-positive dogs was associated with increased rates of canine infection, which suggests that changes in habits and the adoption of attitudes and preventive practices may contribute to the control and prevention of this disease. This study reinforces the need to invest in better health education programs regarding VL.
了解内脏利什曼病（VL）对于鼓励民众与更高效、集中组织的卫生项目合作参与预防和控制工作至关重要。本研究的目的是评估河边居民对VL的认知以及认知与犬内脏利什曼病（CVL）患病率之间的关联。
共有71名居住在北里奥格兰德州莫索罗市河边地区的居民参与了本研究，对71只犬进行了聚合酶链反应（PCR）检测以诊断CVL。对与河边居民关于CVL阳性知识相关的几个变量进行了关联分析，得出比值比（OR）和95%置信区间（CI），并使用卡方（χ2）检验和费舍尔精确检验确定显著性。
在犬CVL检测呈阳性的个体中，60%不知道CVL的治疗方法，这些受试者的犬CVL检测呈阳性的可能性是知道CVL治疗方法者的三倍。在连续去除变量后，CVL治疗知识是逻辑模型中唯一保留的变量，调整后的OR为3.11（95%CI：1.1 - 8799；p = 0.032）。
在犬CVL呈阳性的河边地区，对VL的认知不足与犬感染率增加有关，这表明习惯的改变以及态度和预防措施的采用可能有助于控制和预防这种疾病。本研究强调了投资开展更好的关于VL的健康教育项目的必要性。
