Corrêa Rafael Rodrigues, Lopes Welber Daniel Zanetti, Teixeira Weslen Fabricio Pires, Cruz Breno Cayeiro, Gomes Lucas Vinicius Costa, Felippelli Gustavo, Maciel Willian Giquelin, Fávero Flávia Carolina, Buzzulini Carolina, Bichuette Murilo Abud, Soares Vando Edésio, da Costa Alvimar José
Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP/CPPAR, Via de acesso prof. Paulo Donatto Castellani, s/n CEP:14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil.
Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP/CPPAR, Via de acesso prof. Paulo Donatto Castellani, s/n CEP:14884-900, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil; Universidade Federal de Goiás, Regional de Jataí, Goiás, Brazil.
Vet Parasitol. 2015 Jan 15;207(1-2):115-24. doi: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2014.11.001. Epub 2014 Nov 15.
This study aimed to compare three different methodologies (Adult Immersion Tests, field trials with naturally infected animals, and a Stall Test using artificially infested cattle) to evaluate the efficacy of two topical formulations that we administered as whole body sprays (15% Cypermethrin+30% Chlorpyriphos+15% Fenthion-Colosso(®) FC 30, Ouro Fino Agronegócios; and 60% Dichlorvos+20% Chlorpyriphos-Ectofós(®), Vallée Saúde Animal Ltd.), against a susceptible strain of Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus. To achieve this objective, two natural infestation trials were conducted, as well as two artificial infestation trials (Stall Tests) and two Adult Immersion Tests (AIT). The AIT results showed that both spray formulations achieved 100% efficacy against R. (B.) microplus fully engorged females. However, when observing results obtained by field trials (natural infestations) and Stall Tests, none of these topically applied compounds reached 100% efficacy or affected the reproductive capacity of the fully engorged female ticks. Additional studies must be conducted to compare these in vivo methodologies with different in vitro techniques, such as the Larval Packet Test. However, based on results obtained here, we can conclude that depending on the spray formulations used, the AIT can overestimate acaricidal efficacy and values of reproductive efficiency of such compounds against R (B.) microplus. Specifically, when dealing with spray formulations in the Stall Tests, the period of residual action can increase because these animals are sheltered from contact with environmental factors that might interfere with the efficacy of the products tested. It may be necessary to take in vivo trial results into consideration (such as field trials with naturally infested animals or Stall Tests) to standardize a specific in vitro assay, such as the Adult Immersion Test.
本研究旨在比较三种不同方法（成虫浸泡试验、对自然感染动物进行田间试验以及使用人工感染牛的畜栏试验），以评估两种作为全身喷雾剂施用的局部用制剂（15%氯氰菊酯+30%毒死蜱+15%倍硫磷 - Colosso(®) FC 30，Ouro Fino Agronegócios公司生产；以及60%敌敌畏+20%毒死蜱 - Ectofós(®)，Vallée Saúde Animal Ltd.公司生产）对微小牛蜱敏感株的疗效。为实现这一目标，进行了两项自然感染试验、两项人工感染试验（畜栏试验）和两项成虫浸泡试验（AIT）。AIT结果表明，两种喷雾制剂对微小牛蜱饱血雌虫的疗效均达100%。然而，观察田间试验（自然感染）和畜栏试验的结果时，这些局部应用的化合物均未达到100%的疗效，也未影响饱血雌蜱的繁殖能力。必须开展更多研究，将这些体内方法与不同的体外技术（如幼虫包囊试验）进行比较。不过，基于此处获得的结果，我们可以得出结论，根据所使用的喷雾制剂不同，AIT可能会高估杀螨剂的疗效以及此类化合物对微小牛蜱的繁殖效率值。具体而言，在畜栏试验中使用喷雾制剂时，残留作用时间可能会延长，因为这些动物受到保护，免受可能干扰受试产品疗效的环境因素影响。可能有必要考虑体内试验结果（如对自然感染动物进行的田间试验或畜栏试验），以规范特定的体外试验，如成虫浸泡试验。
