Palade P, Dettbarn C, Brunder D, Stein P, Hals G
Department of Physiology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston 77550.
J Bioenerg Biomembr. 1989 Apr;21(2):295-320. doi: 10.1007/BF00812074.
Calcium release from sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) has been elicited in response to additions of many different agents. Activators of Ca2+ release are here tentatively classified as activators of a Ca2+-induced Ca2+ release channel preferentially localized in SR terminal or as likely activators of other Ca2+ efflux pathways. Some of these pathways may be associated with several different mechanisms for SR Ca2+ release that have been postulated previously. Studies of various inhibitors of excitation-contraction coupling and of certain forms of SR Ca2+ release are summarized. The sensitivity of isolated SR to certain agents is unusually affected by experimental conditions. These effects can seriously undermine attempts to anticipate effects of the same pharmacological agents in situ. Finally, mention is made of a new preparation ("sarcoballs") designed to make the pharmacological study of SR Ca2+ release more accessible to electrophysiologists, and some concluding speculations on the future of SR pharmacology are offered.
肌浆网（SR）中钙的释放已通过添加许多不同试剂而引发。钙释放激活剂在此暂时分为优先定位于SR末端的钙诱导钙释放通道的激活剂，或其他钙外流途径的可能激活剂。这些途径中的一些可能与先前推测的几种不同的SR钙释放机制相关。总结了对兴奋 - 收缩偶联的各种抑制剂和某些形式的SR钙释放的研究。分离的SR对某些试剂的敏感性异常受实验条件影响。这些影响会严重破坏预测相同药理试剂在原位作用的尝试。最后，提到了一种新的制剂（“肌球”），旨在使电生理学家更容易进行SR钙释放的药理研究，并对SR药理学的未来提供了一些总结性的推测。
