Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China.
Environ Microbiol. 2016 Feb;18(2):525-41. doi: 10.1111/1462-2920.12724. Epub 2015 Feb 3.
Currently, knowledge about the impact of high-grain (HG) feeding on rumen microbiota and metabolome is limited. In this study, a combination of the 454 pyrosequencing strategy and the mass spectrometry-based metabolomics technique was applied to investigate the effects of increased dietary grain (0%, 25% and 50% maize grain) on changes in whole ruminal microbiota and their metabolites using goat as a ruminant model. We observed a significant influence of HG feeding in shaping the ruminal bacterial community structure, diversity and composition, with an overall dominance of bacteria of the phylum Firmicutes along with a low abundance of Bacteriodetes in the HG group. High-grain feeding increased the number of ciliate and methanogens, and decreased the density of anaerobic fungi and the richness of the archaeal community. The metabolomics analysis revealed that HG feeding increased the levels of several toxic, inflammatory and unnatural compounds, including endotoxin, tryptamine, tyramine, histamine and phenylacetate. Correlation analysis on the combined datasets revealed some potential relationships between ruminal metabolites and certain microbial species. Information about these relationships may prove useful in either direct (therapeutic) or indirect (dietary) interventions for ruminal disorders due to microbial compositional shifts, such as ruminal acidosis.
目前，关于高谷物（HG）喂养对瘤胃微生物群和代谢组的影响的知识有限。在这项研究中，我们结合了 454 焦磷酸测序策略和基于质谱的代谢组学技术，以研究增加日粮谷物（0％，25％和 50％玉米）对整个瘤胃微生物群及其代谢物变化的影响，使用山羊作为反刍动物模型。我们观察到 HG 喂养对瘤胃细菌群落结构、多样性和组成有显著影响，厚壁菌门的细菌总体占优势，而 HG 组中拟杆菌门的细菌丰度较低。HG 喂养增加了纤毛虫和产甲烷菌的数量，降低了厌氧真菌的密度和古菌群落的丰富度。代谢组学分析表明，HG 喂养增加了几种有毒、炎症和非天然化合物的水平，包括内毒素、色胺、酪胺、组氨酸和苯乙酸。对综合数据集的相关分析揭示了瘤胃代谢物与某些微生物物种之间的一些潜在关系。这些信息对于由于微生物组成变化（如瘤胃酸中毒）引起的瘤胃紊乱的直接（治疗）或间接（饮食）干预可能是有用的。
