Vasquez Marina Lipkin, Renault Ilana Zalcberg
Molecular Biology Laboratory, Instituto Estadual do Cérebro Paulo Niemeyer (IECPN), Rua do Resende 156, 2nd Floor, Centro, Rio de Janeiro CEP 20231-092, Brazil.
DASA, Rua João Borges 120/502, Gavea, Rio de Janeiro CEP 22451-100, Brazil.
Neuroimaging Clin N Am. 2015 Feb;25(1):1-16. doi: 10.1016/j.nic.2014.09.012.
Gene expression is a process of DNA sequence reading into protein synthesis. In cases of problems in DNA repair/apoptosis mechanisms, cells accumulate genomic abnormalities and pass them through generations of cells. The accumulation of mutations causes diseases and even tumors. In addition to cancer, many other neurologic conditions have been associated with genetic mutations. Some trials are testing patients with epigenetic treatments. Epigenetic therapy must be used with caution because epigenetic processes and changes happen constantly in normal cells, giving rise to drug off-target effects. Scientists are making progress in specifically targeting abnormal cells with minimal damage to normal ones.
基因表达是一个将DNA序列解读为蛋白质合成的过程。在DNA修复/凋亡机制出现问题的情况下，细胞会积累基因组异常，并将其传递给几代细胞。突变的积累会导致疾病甚至肿瘤。除了癌症，许多其他神经系统疾病也与基因突变有关。一些试验正在对患者进行表观遗传治疗测试。表观遗传治疗必须谨慎使用，因为表观遗传过程和变化在正常细胞中不断发生，会产生药物脱靶效应。科学家们在特异性靶向异常细胞同时对正常细胞造成最小损伤方面正在取得进展。
