Aletayeb Seyed Mohammad Hassan, Sepehran Ashraf, Javaherizadeh Hazhir
Department of Pediatrics, Abouzar Children's Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, IR Iran.
Jundishapur J Microbiol. 2014 Sep;7(9):e12309. doi: 10.5812/jjm.12309. Epub 2014 Sep 1.
Neonatal parotitis is a rare disease. Neonatal suppurative parotitis commonly presents with facial swelling, irritability, tenderness of parotid region, and with or without fever. Acute neonatal suppurative parotitis is one of the differential diagnoses of facial swelling with a prevalence of 3.8/10'000 of neonatal admission.
A 32-day-old girl with fever and restlessness was admitted in the hospital. Left facial swelling was found during physical examination. Redness was observed in the face. Prenatal history was normal. Birth weight was 3500 g. Body weight, length, and head circumference were 4300 g (75 th percentile), 52 cm (50 th percentile), and 38 cm (75 th percentile), respectively. She was breastfed. Pulse and respiratory rates were 130/min and 50/min, respectively. Axillary temperature was 37.8°C. Head examination revealed normal sized fontanel (1.5 × 1.5 cm) without bulging. Eye and ear were normal. Abdominal examination revealed no abnormal findings. Results of urine analysis and culture were normal. Blood urea nitrogen, sodium, potassium, and blood sugar were normal. Blood amylase was 10 U/L. Bilateral multiple reactive lymph node (size = 6 × 10 mm) at anterior cervical chain with a left facial swelling was observed in ultrasonography report. Pus was obtained following gentle pressure on Stensen's duct. Staphylococcus aureus was detected in the microscopic and microbiological evaluations.The patient received a seven-day treatment course with vancomycin and amikacin. Neonate was discharged in a good condition.
Acute suppurative parotitis should be suspected in infants with fever, and irritability in pre-auricular region; and should be treated with appropriate antibiotics.
新生儿腮腺炎是一种罕见疾病。新生儿化脓性腮腺炎通常表现为面部肿胀、烦躁、腮腺区压痛，伴有或不伴有发热。急性新生儿化脓性腮腺炎是面部肿胀的鉴别诊断之一，在新生儿入院中患病率为3.8/10000。
一名32天大、发热且烦躁不安的女孩入院。体格检查发现左侧面部肿胀。面部有发红现象。产前史正常。出生体重3500克。体重、身长和头围分别为4300克（第75百分位）、52厘米（第50百分位）和38厘米（第75百分位）。她是母乳喂养。脉搏和呼吸频率分别为130次/分钟和50次/分钟。腋窝温度为37.8°C。头部检查显示囟门大小正常（1.5×1.5厘米），无膨隆。眼睛和耳朵正常。腹部检查未发现异常。尿液分析和培养结果正常。血尿素氮、钠、钾和血糖正常。血淀粉酶为10 U/L。超声检查报告显示双侧颈前链多发反应性淋巴结（大小=6×10毫米）伴有左侧面部肿胀。对斯滕森导管轻轻施压后获得脓液。显微镜检查和微生物学评估检测到金黄色葡萄球菌。患者接受了为期七天的万古霉素和阿米卡星治疗。新生儿出院时情况良好。
对于发热且耳前区域烦躁的婴儿，应怀疑急性化脓性腮腺炎，并应使用适当抗生素进行治疗。
