Hang Wei, Liu Gang, Han Tong, Zhou Yuying, Zhang Jinling, Zhang Qiang
Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin 300060, China.
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Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi. 2014 Sep;49(9):738-42.
To analyze the correlation between olfactory bulb (OB) volume, depth of olfactory sulcus (OS) and olfactory function in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI).
Fifty patients with MCI were compared with fifty controls in terms of olfactory function T&T testing, OB volume and depth of OS assessed with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). SPSS 13.0 software was used to analyze the data.
T&T olfactory testing revealed that MCI patients had higher scores than controls (t = 3.142, P < 0.05). Both men and women with MCI were affected by the same extent of olfactory loss(t = 0.973, P > 0.05). Both men and women as controls were affected by the same extent of olfactory loss (t = 1.092, P > 0.05).OB volume of left side in MCI patients was (36.35 ± 4.09) mm(3), right side was (36.57 ± 4.13) mm(3), average OB volume was (36.47 ± 4.12) mm3; OB volume of left side in controls was (46.65 ± 6.23) mm(3), right side was (46.83 ± 6.27) mm(3), average OB volume was (46.71 ± 6.25)mm(3); OB volumes were lower in MCI patients as compared with controls (t value was 3.113, 3.145 and 3.132, all P < 0.01).OS depth study revealed no statistical different between MCI patients and controls (t value was 0.876,0.952 and 0.904, all P > 0.05). Olfactory discriminate threshold was negatively correlated with OB volume in MCI patients and controls (r value was -0.643, -0.541, both P < 0.05); was no correlated with depth of OS (r value was -0.167 and -0.183, both P > 0.05). Olfactory discriminate threshold was negatively correlated with cognitive impairment degree in MCI patients (r value was -0.427, -0.418 and -0.399, all P < 0.05), average OB volume was positively correlated with cognitive impairment degree in MCI patients (r value was 0.364, 0.383 and 0.379, all P < 0.05).
The OB volumes are lower in MCI patients as compared with controls, the depth of OS show no significant changes in MCI patients. The OB volume is correlated with olfactory function, the depth of OS is not correlated with olfactory function. Cognitive impairment degree in MCI patients is accordance with olfactory function lower degree. The olfactory loss may be a earlier period and objective diagnosis indicator for MCI patients.
分析轻度认知障碍（MCI）患者嗅球（OB）体积、嗅沟（OS）深度与嗅觉功能之间的相关性。
对50例MCI患者和50例对照者进行嗅觉功能T&T测试，并通过磁共振成像（MRI）评估OB体积和OS深度。采用SPSS 13.0软件进行数据分析。
T&T嗅觉测试显示，MCI患者的得分高于对照者（t = 3.142，P < 0.05）。MCI男性和女性的嗅觉丧失程度相同（t = 0.973，P > 0.05）。对照男性和女性的嗅觉丧失程度相同（t = 1.092，P > 0.05）。MCI患者左侧OB体积为（36.35 ± 4.09）mm³，右侧为（36.57 ± 4.13）mm³，平均OB体积为（36.47 ± 4.12）mm³；对照者左侧OB体积为（46.65 ± 6.23）mm³，右侧为（46.83 ± 6.27）mm³，平均OB体积为（46.71 ± 6.25）mm³；MCI患者的OB体积低于对照者（t值分别为3.113、3.145和3.132，均P < 0.01）。OS深度研究显示，MCI患者与对照者之间无统计学差异（t值分别为0.876、0.952和0.904，均P > 0.05）。MCI患者和对照者的嗅觉辨别阈值与OB体积呈负相关（r值分别为-0.643、-0.541，均P < 0.05）；与OS深度无相关性（r值分别为-0.167和-0.183，均P > 0.05）。MCI患者的嗅觉辨别阈值与认知障碍程度呈负相关（r值分别为-0.427、-0.418和-0.399，均P < 0.05），平均OB体积与MCI患者的认知障碍程度呈正相关（r值分别为0.364、0.383和0.379，均P < 0.05）。
与对照者相比，MCI患者的OB体积较低，MCI患者的OS深度无明显变化。OB体积与嗅觉功能相关，OS深度与嗅觉功能无关。MCI患者的认知障碍程度与嗅觉功能降低程度一致。嗅觉丧失可能是MCI患者早期的客观诊断指标。
