Horowitz S H
Department of Neurology, Long Island Jewish Medical Center, New Hyde Park, NY 11042.
Muscle Nerve. 1989 Apr;12(4):314-22. doi: 10.1002/mus.880120410.
Currently, regeneration chambers, adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and related peptides, and gangliosides appear to be the most promising therapies in the promotion of peripheral nerve regeneration, growth, and repair. Regeneration chambers enhance rat sciatic nerve regeneration in vivo after transection by providing a structurally organized and protected preformed space within which nerve fibers are exposed to macromolecular compounds which direct and enhance nerve growth. ACTH and related peptides, independent of their corticotropic activities, increase the availability of structural proteins to the axon terminal in rats subjected to nerve crush injuries and demonstrate inotropic effects in adrenalectomized and/or hypophysectomized rats. Exogenously administered gangliosides promote neuronal sprouting, regeneration, and reinnervation in experimental situations and have undergone clinical testing in acute and chronic peripheral nerve disorders. At the current dosage levels and schedules, the clinical results of ganglioside therapy have been mixed. The success of the experimental studies supports further clinical testing of these therapies in peripheral nerve disorders.
目前，再生室、促肾上腺皮质激素（ACTH）及相关肽类，以及神经节苷脂似乎是促进周围神经再生、生长和修复最有前景的疗法。再生室通过提供一个结构有序且受保护的预制空间来增强大鼠坐骨神经横断后的体内再生，在该空间内神经纤维可接触到能引导和促进神经生长的大分子化合物。ACTH及相关肽类，与其促肾上腺皮质活性无关，可增加遭受神经挤压伤大鼠轴突终末结构蛋白的可用性，并在肾上腺切除和/或垂体切除的大鼠中显示出变力作用。外源性给予神经节苷脂可在实验情况下促进神经元发芽、再生和再支配，并已在急性和慢性周围神经疾病中进行了临床试验。按照目前的剂量水平和给药方案，神经节苷脂治疗的临床结果喜忧参半。实验研究的成功支持对这些疗法在周围神经疾病中进行进一步的临床试验。
