Division of Experimental Therapeutics, Breast Cancer Program, Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Via Ripamonti 435, 20133 Milano, Italy.
Division of Experimental Therapeutics, Breast Cancer Program, Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Via Ripamonti 435, 20133 Milano, Italy.
Cancer Treat Rev. 2015 Feb;41(2):61-8. doi: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2014.12.001. Epub 2014 Dec 8.
There is a well recognized link between the bone and the immune system and in recent years there has been a major effort to elucidate the multiple functions of the molecules expressed in both bone and immune cells. Several molecules that were initially identified and studied in the immune system have been shown to have essential functions also in the bone. An interdisciplinary field embracing immune and bone biology has been brought together and called "osteoimmunology". The co-regulation of the skeletal and immune systems strikingly exemplifies the extreme complexity of such an interaction. Their interdependency must be considered in designing therapeutic approaches for either of the two systems. In other words, it is necessary to think of the osteoimmune system as a complex physiological unit. Denosumab was originally introduced to specifically target bone resorption, but it is now under evaluation for its effect on the long term immune response. Similarly, our current and still growing knowledge of the intimate link between the immune system and bone will be beneficial for the safety of drugs targeting either of these integrated systems. Given the large number of molecules exerting functions on both the skeletal and immune systems, osteoimmunological understanding is becoming increasingly important. Both bone and immune systems are frequently disrupted in cancer; and they may be crucial in regulating tumor growth and progression. Some therapies - such as bisphosphonates and receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) targeted drugs - that aim at reducing pathologic osteolysis in cancer may interact with the immune system, thus providing potential favorable effects on survival.
骨骼与免疫系统之间存在着公认的联系，近年来，人们已经在努力阐明骨骼和免疫细胞中表达的多种分子的功能。最初在免疫系统中被鉴定和研究的几种分子已被证明在骨骼中也具有重要功能。一个融合了免疫和骨骼生物学的跨学科领域被称为“骨免疫学”。骨骼系统和免疫系统的共同调节突出了这种相互作用的极端复杂性。在设计针对这两个系统之一的治疗方法时，必须考虑它们之间的相互依存关系。换句话说，有必要将骨免疫系统视为一个复杂的生理单位。地舒单抗最初被引入是为了专门针对骨吸收，但现在正在评估其对长期免疫反应的影响。同样，我们目前对免疫系统和骨骼之间密切联系的了解不断增加，这将有助于提高针对这些整合系统中任何一个系统的药物的安全性。鉴于有大量的分子对骨骼和免疫系统都有作用，因此骨免疫学的理解变得越来越重要。在癌症中，骨骼系统和免疫系统经常受到干扰；它们在调节肿瘤生长和进展方面可能起着至关重要的作用。一些旨在减少癌症病理性溶骨性破坏的治疗方法，如双膦酸盐和核因子-κB 配体（RANKL）靶向药物，可能与免疫系统相互作用，从而对生存产生潜在的有利影响。
