Matsushita Munehiro, Sawada Susumu S, Nakagata Takashi, Nishi Nobuo, Okuda Nagako, Miyachi Motohiko
Department of Health Promotion and Exercise, National Institute of Health and Nutrition.
Nihon Koshu Eisei Zasshi. 2014;61(11):686-92.
The mean number of steps measured in the National Health and Nutrition Survey is employed for the assessment of physical activity/exercise in "Health Japan 21," and is used to represent the amount of physical activity/exercise that citizens engage in. In this study, we clarified the characteristics of the data on the number of steps, drawn from the National Health and Nutrition Survey.
Among the data from the National Health and Nutrition Surveys conducted from 2008 to 2010, data from 21,914 participants on daily number of steps and pedometer attachment were analyzed. On a nutritional intake questionnaire, subjects who responded on the physical status item that they had attached the pedometer all day long were assigned to the "Whole-day-attached" group. Their means, medians, outliers, and frequency distribution were then compared with those in a "Non- whole-day-attached" group.
Subjects assigned to the "Non- whole-day-attached" group accounted for about 8% of cases in 2008, 2009, and 2010. In all three years, the mean number of steps in the "Whole-day-attached" group was 1,076 to 1,472 higher than that in the "Non-whole-day-attached" group. In both groups, outliers were present, and the frequency distribution showed a broad range on the side indicating a higher number of steps. Accordingly, the mean value was higher than the median value by approximately 600 steps.
As data on the number of steps measured in the National Health and Nutrition Survey includes individuals not attaching the pedometer all day (approximately 8% of cases), the data are not normally distributed. Therefore, when utilizing these data as representative of citizens' physical activity/exercise, their characteristics should be taken into consideration.
在“健康日本21”中，采用美国国家健康与营养调查中测量的平均步数来评估身体活动/锻炼情况，并以此代表公民进行的身体活动/锻炼量。在本研究中，我们阐明了从美国国家健康与营养调查中获取的步数数据的特征。
对2008年至2010年美国国家健康与营养调查的数据进行分析，选取了21914名参与者的每日步数和计步器佩戴情况的数据。在营养摄入问卷中，在身体状况项目中回答全天佩戴计步器的受试者被归入“全天佩戴”组。然后将他们的均值、中位数、异常值和频率分布与“非全天佩戴”组进行比较。
2008年、2009年和2010年，被归入“非全天佩戴”组的受试者约占总病例数的8%。在这三年中，“全天佩戴”组的平均步数比“非全天佩戴”组高1076至1472步。两组均存在异常值，频率分布在步数较多一侧显示出较宽的范围。因此，平均值比中位数高约600步。
由于美国国家健康与营养调查中测量的步数数据包括并非全天佩戴计步器的个体（约占病例数的8%），数据呈非正态分布。因此，在将这些数据用作公民身体活动/锻炼的代表时，应考虑其特征。
