Minciullo Paola Lucia, Inferrera Antonino, Navarra Michele, Calapai Gioacchino, Magno Carlo, Gangemi Sebastiano
Operative Unit of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Italy.
Urol Int. 2015;94(3):249-54. doi: 10.1159/000366210. Epub 2014 Dec 5.
Several parameters including inflammatory mediators, hormones, dietary factors, inflammatory genes, and oxidative stress (OS) have been considered to play a role in the development of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Prostate tissue damage and OS may lead to compensatory cellular proliferation with resulting hyperplastic growth.
We searched MEDLINE for articles in English published up to March 2014 using the key words 'oxidative stress', 'antioxidants' and 'benign prostatic hyperplasia'.
Prostatic inflammation can cause the generation of free radicals. The extent of oxidative damage can be exacerbated by a decreased efficiency of antioxidant defense mechanisms. The balance between OS and the antioxidant component also has a role in developing prostate disease. Several works show the role of oxidant products and of depletion of antioxidant substances in BPH patients. It is accepted that free radicals play a role in carcinogenesis and that BPH should be considered a premalignant condition which may evolve into prostate cancer. High OS parameters and low antioxidant activity are more prominent in prostate cancer patients compared with BPH and controls.
Further studies are needed to clarify the potential role of antioxidants in BPH also in view of preventing the progression to prostate cancer.
包括炎症介质、激素、饮食因素、炎症基因和氧化应激（OS）在内的多个参数被认为在良性前列腺增生（BPH）的发生发展中起作用。前列腺组织损伤和氧化应激可能导致细胞代偿性增殖，进而导致增生性生长。
我们在MEDLINE中检索截至2014年3月以英文发表的文章，关键词为“氧化应激”、“抗氧化剂”和“良性前列腺增生”。
前列腺炎症可导致自由基的产生。抗氧化防御机制效率降低会加剧氧化损伤的程度。氧化应激与抗氧化成分之间的平衡在前列腺疾病的发生中也起作用。多项研究表明氧化产物和抗氧化物质消耗在BPH患者中的作用。自由基在致癌过程中起作用，并且BPH应被视为可能演变为前列腺癌的癌前状态，这一点已被认可。与BPH患者和对照组相比，前列腺癌患者的氧化应激参数较高且抗氧化活性较低。
鉴于预防BPH进展为前列腺癌，需要进一步研究以阐明抗氧化剂在BPH中的潜在作用。
