Sir Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Victoria, Australia ; Department of Immunology, Monash University , Prahran, Victoria, Australia.
Sir Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Clin Transl Immunology. 2014 May 16;3(5):e16. doi: 10.1038/cti.2014.7. eCollection 2014 May.
Immunotherapies are emerging as highly promising approaches for the treatment of cancer. In these approaches, a variety of materials are used to boost immunity against malignant cells. A key component of many of these approaches is functional tumor-specific T cells, but the existence and activity of sufficient T cells in the immune repertoire is not always the case. Recent methods of generating tumor-specific T cells include the genetic modification of patient lymphocytes with receptors to endow them with tumor specificity. These T cells are then expanded in vitro followed by infusion of the patient in adoptive cell transfer protocols. Genes used to modify T cells include those encoding T-cell receptors and chimeric antigen receptors. In this review, we provide an introduction to the field of genetic engineering of T cells followed by details of their use against cancer in the clinic.
免疫疗法作为癌症治疗的一种极有前途的方法正在兴起。在这些方法中，使用各种材料来增强对恶性细胞的免疫力。许多这些方法的关键组成部分是功能性肿瘤特异性 T 细胞，但在免疫反应中并不总是存在足够的 T 细胞。生成肿瘤特异性 T 细胞的最新方法包括用受体对患者淋巴细胞进行基因修饰，使它们具有肿瘤特异性。然后在体外扩增这些 T 细胞，然后通过过继细胞转移方案输注患者。用于修饰 T 细胞的基因包括编码 T 细胞受体和嵌合抗原受体的基因。在这篇综述中，我们介绍了 T 细胞基因工程领域，然后详细介绍了它们在癌症临床治疗中的应用。
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