Qi Rui-Peng, Zhang Lei, Yan Yong-Hao, Wen Man, Zheng Ji-Yong
Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao. 2014 Aug;25(8):2281-8.
Making clear the effects of biochar addition on soil water infiltration process can provide the scientific basis for the evaluation of the influence of biochar application on soil hydrology in semi-arid region. In this paper, through the soil column simulation method in laboratory, the effects of biochar of three sizes (1-2 mm, 0.25-1 mm and ≤ 0.25 mm) at 4 doses (10, 50, 100 and 150 g x kg(-1)) on the cumulative infiltration, the permeability and the stable infiltration rate of two different soils (anthrosol and aeolian sandy soil) were studied. The results showed that the infiltration capacity of the anthrosol was obviously increased compared to the control, however, the one in the aeolian sandy soil was decreased due to the biochar addition. At 100 minutes after infiltration starting, the averaged cumulative infiltration was increased by 25.1% in the anthrosol with comparison to the control. Contrarily, the averaged cumulative infiltration was decreased by 11.1% in the aeolian sandy soil at 15 minutes after infiltration starting. When the dose was the same, biochar with different particle sizes improved the infiltration for the anthrosol, but for the different dose treatments, the particle size of biochar which showed the greatest improvement was different. As for the aeolian sandy soil, the infiltration increased at the dose of 10 g x kg(-1) after the addition of biochar with different particle sizes, while decreased at the higher dose of 50, 100 and 150 g x kg(-1). The cumulative infiltration of the aeolian sandy soil was decreased with the increase in addition amount of biochar with the same particle size, while it was not so for the anthrosol. The determination coefficient fitted by the Philip infiltration model ranged from 0.965 to 0.999, suggesting this model was suitable for the simulation of soil water infiltration process after biochar application. Statistical analysis of main effects showed that the biochar particle size, the biochar addition amount, and the interactive effect had statistically significant effect on the soil permeability and stable infiltration rate in the two soils. In conclusion, the biochar had different effects on the soils with different textures, moreover, there was a positive correlation relationship between the impact and the addition amount.
明确添加生物炭对土壤水分入渗过程的影响，可为评估半干旱地区生物炭施用对土壤水文的影响提供科学依据。本文通过室内土柱模拟试验，研究了三种粒径（1 - 2mm、0.25 - 1mm和≤0.25mm）的生物炭在4个添加量（10、50、100和150 g·kg⁻¹）下对两种不同土壤（人为土和风沙土）累积入渗量、渗透率和稳定入渗率的影响。结果表明，与对照相比，人为土的入渗能力明显提高，而风沙土的入渗能力因添加生物炭而降低。入渗开始100分钟后，人为土的平均累积入渗量比对照增加了25.1%。相反，入渗开始15分钟后，风沙土的平均累积入渗量降低了11.1%。当添加量相同时，不同粒径的生物炭均提高了人为土的入渗能力，但对于不同添加量处理，表现出最大改善效果的生物炭粒径不同。对于风沙土，添加不同粒径生物炭后，在10 g·kg⁻¹添加量下土壤入渗增加，而在50、100和150 g·kg⁻¹较高添加量下土壤入渗降低。相同粒径生物炭添加量增加时，风沙土的累积入渗量降低，而人为土则不然。Philip入渗模型拟合的决定系数在0.965至0.999之间，表明该模型适用于模拟生物炭施用后土壤水分入渗过程。主效应统计分析表明，生物炭粒径、生物炭添加量及其交互作用对两种土壤的渗透率和稳定入渗率均有显著影响。总之，生物炭对不同质地土壤的影响不同，且这种影响与添加量呈正相关关系。
