Qi Xin, Hao Qing-ju, Ji Dong-sheng, Zhang Jun-ke, Liu Zi-rui, Hu Bo, Wang Yue-si, Jiang Chang-sheng
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2014 Sep;35(9):3293-301.
In order to study the composition and distribution of VOCs (Volatile Organic Compounds) in the atmosphere in the urban area of Beibei district, Chongqing, atmospheric samples were collected from March 2012 to February 2013 with special stainless steel cylinders, and analyzed with a three-stage preconcentration method coupled with GC-MS. 78 species of VOCs were detected in this study, of which there were 25 species of alkanes, 15 species of olefins, 28 species of aromatic hydrocarbons and 10 species of halogenated hydrocarbons. The results showed that the top seven species of VOCs according to the order of annual average concentration in the atmosphere of Beibei were: Dichloromethane (3. 08 x 10(-9) ) , Benzene (2. 09 x 10-9) , Isopentane (1. 85 x 10 -9) , Toluene (1. 51 x 10(-9)) , Propane (1. 51 x 10(-9)), m/p-xylene (1.43 x 10(-9)) and Styrene (1. 39 x 10-9). The concentration of TVOCs (Total Volatile Organic Compounds) in the atmosphere of Beibei was 33. 89 x 10 -9 during the measuring period, and the seasonal variation was obvious with the order of spring (42. 57 x 10 -9) > autumn (33.89 x 10-9) > winter (31.91 x 10 -9) > summer (27.04 x 10(-9)). In the composition of TVOCs, alkanes and aromatic hydrocarbons provided the largest contribution to TVOCs (31.5% and 30.7% ) , followed by halogenated hydrocarbon, accounting for 27.4% , and the last one was olefins, with only 10.4%. By means of ozone formation potential, the analysis results showed that olefins and aromatic hydrocarbon compounds were the two important materials which made the biggest contribution to the formation of ozone in the atmosphere of Beibei. We further analyzed the sources of VOCs in atmosphere of Beibei by the method of Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Vehicle exhaust was the biggest source and its contribution to VOCs was 50. 41%. The calculated results with T/B value also confirmed that traffic was the biggest source contributing to the VOCs in atmosphere of Beibei.
为研究重庆市北碚城区大气中挥发性有机化合物（VOCs）的组成与分布，于2012年3月至2013年2月用特制不锈钢钢瓶采集大气样品，采用三级预浓缩法结合气相色谱 - 质谱联用仪进行分析。本研究共检测出78种VOCs，其中烷烃25种、烯烃15种、芳烃28种、卤代烃10种。结果表明，北碚大气中年平均浓度排名前七位的VOCs依次为：二氯甲烷（3.08×10⁻⁹）、苯（2.09×10⁻⁹）、异戊烷（1.85×10⁻⁹）、甲苯（1.51×10⁻⁹）、丙烷（1.51×10⁻⁹）、间/对二甲苯（1.43×10⁻⁹）和苯乙烯（1.39×10⁻⁹）。北碚大气中总挥发性有机化合物（TVOCs）在测量期间的浓度为33.89×10⁻⁹，季节变化明显，顺序为春季（42.57×10⁻⁹）＞秋季（33.89×10⁻⁹）＞冬季（31.91×10⁻⁹）＞夏季（27.04×10⁻⁹）。在TVOCs的组成中，烷烃和芳烃对TVOCs的贡献最大（分别为31.5%和30.7%），其次是卤代烃，占27.4%，最后是烯烃，仅占10.4%。通过臭氧生成潜势分析，结果表明烯烃和芳烃化合物是北碚大气中对臭氧形成贡献最大的两种重要物质。我们采用主成分分析法（PCA）进一步分析了北碚大气中VOCs的来源。汽车尾气是最大来源，其对VOCs的贡献率为50.41%。T/B值的计算结果也证实交通是北碚大气中VOCs的最大来源。
