Arrigoni C, Micheletti P, Grugnetti A M, Ferrari P, Borrelli P, Montomoli C, Pelissero G
Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, Italy.
Polyclinic S. Matteo of Pavia, Italy.
Ann Ig. 2014 Nov-Dec;26(6):570-7. doi: 10.7416/ai.2014.2016.
From the international literature very interesting cues emerge about students' motivations to choose a Nursing Degree Program. Unfortunately, this phenomenon is largely unexplored in Italy. An observational study was conducted at the University of Pavia, with the aim to investigate the reasons underpinning the students' choice to enter a Nursing Degree Program.
A semi-structured, self-administrated questionnaire was used for this single-center cross-sectional study. The questionnaire was aimed to investigate the reasons underpinning the students' choice to enter a Nursing Degree Program, using both open-ended and close-ended multiple choice questions. Descriptive statistics have been used to describe collected data. Open-ended response analysis was conducted through an exploratory and qualitative analysis of language.
Response rate was 71% (196/275). Our study results highlighted a variety of reasons that encourage students to begin a Nursing Degree Program: the feeling of usefulness (80%), the desire to help and to care people (78%), the interest in the sciences (71%), the compassion to the suffering people (66%). We also identified 4 categories that describe which characteristics a nurse should have according to the students' point of view: expertise; personal characteristics; to experience the professional life as a social function and to have interest in the health field.
Students' answers indicate that often the choice to enter a Nursing Degree Program is not supported by clear ideas and strong motivations. We consider it crucial to provide a realistic image of the nursing role and opportunities for career development, so that students can have the right elements to make a conscious choice. There is a need for more qualitative research to explore the reasons why students choose the Nursing Degree Program; moreover, to identify, from the beginning of the course, those students who are in crisis of motivation, in order to adopt support strategies that could enable them to successfully achieve academic career.
从国际文献中可以发现一些关于学生选择护理学位课程动机的非常有趣的线索。不幸的是，这一现象在意大利很大程度上未被探索。在帕维亚大学进行了一项观察性研究，旨在调查学生选择进入护理学位课程的原因。
本单中心横断面研究使用了一份半结构化的自填式问卷。该问卷旨在通过开放式和封闭式多项选择题来调查学生选择进入护理学位课程的原因。描述性统计用于描述收集到的数据。通过对语言的探索性和定性分析对开放式回答进行分析。
回复率为71%（196/275）。我们的研究结果突出了多种鼓励学生开始护理学位课程的原因：有用感（80%）、帮助和照顾他人的愿望（78%）、对科学的兴趣（71%）、对受苦人群的同情（66%）。我们还确定了4个类别，描述了从学生角度来看护士应具备的特征：专业知识；个人特质；将职业生活视为一种社会功能以及对健康领域有兴趣。
学生的回答表明，通常选择进入护理学位课程并非基于清晰的想法和强烈的动机。我们认为提供护理角色的现实形象和职业发展机会至关重要，以便学生能够有正确的要素做出明智的选择。需要更多的定性研究来探索学生选择护理学位课程的原因；此外，从课程开始就识别出那些动机处于危机中的学生，以便采取支持策略使他们能够成功完成学业生涯。
