van de Haar Harm J, Burgmans Saartje, Hofman Paul A M, Verhey Frans R J, Jansen Jacobus F A, Backes Walter H
School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Dr. Tanslaan 12, 6229 ET, Maastricht, The Netherlands; Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Alzheimer Center Limburg, Maastricht University Medical Center, Dr. Tanslaan 12, 6229 ET Maastricht, The Netherlands; Departments of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, P. Debyelaan 25, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands.
School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Dr. Tanslaan 12, 6229 ET, Maastricht, The Netherlands; Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Alzheimer Center Limburg, Maastricht University Medical Center, Dr. Tanslaan 12, 6229 ET Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2015 Feb;49:71-81. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2014.11.022. Epub 2014 Dec 15.
Increasing evidence indicates that blood-brain barrier (BBB) impairment may play a role in the pathophysiology of cognitive decline and dementia. In vivo imaging studies are needed to quantify and localize the BBB defects during life, contemplating the circulatory properties. We reviewed the literature for imaging studies investigating BBB impairment in patients suffering from dementia. After selection, 11 imaging studies were included, of which 6 used contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), 2 used contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT), and 3 positron emission tomography (PET). Primarily the MRI studies hint at a subtle increasing permeability of the BBB, particularly in patients already exhibiting cerebrovascular pathology. More elaborate studies are required to provide convincing evidence on BBB impairment in patients with various stages of dementia with and without obvious cerebrovascular pathology. In the future, dynamic contrast enhanced MRI techniques and transport specific imaging using PET may further detail the research on the molecular nature of BBB defects.
越来越多的证据表明，血脑屏障（BBB）损伤可能在认知衰退和痴呆的病理生理学中起作用。需要进行体内成像研究，以便在考虑循环特性的情况下，在生命过程中对血脑屏障缺陷进行量化和定位。我们查阅了有关调查痴呆患者血脑屏障损伤的成像研究文献。经过筛选，纳入了11项成像研究，其中6项使用了对比增强磁共振成像（MRI），2项使用了对比增强计算机断层扫描（CT），3项使用了正电子发射断层扫描（PET）。主要是MRI研究提示血脑屏障的通透性有轻微增加，特别是在已经表现出脑血管病变的患者中。需要更详细的研究，以提供关于有无明显脑血管病变的不同痴呆阶段患者血脑屏障损伤的确凿证据。未来，动态对比增强MRI技术和使用PET的转运特异性成像可能会进一步细化对血脑屏障缺陷分子性质的研究。
