Hannesschläger G, Riedelberger W, Neumüller H, Schwarzl G
Zentralröntgeninstitut AKH in Linz, Osterreich.
Rofo. 1989 Sep;151(3):331-7. doi: 10.1055/s-2008-1047188.
Because of unusual anatomy and function the long head of the biceps brachii (LHB) is often subject to pathologic changes. On reviewing 354 sonographies of the shoulder (7.5 MHz), it was found that 61 (= 17%) abnormal findings of the LHB were reported such as degenerative changes accompanying impingement stadium II and III (atrophy, hypertrophy, effusion), intracapsular ruptures, acute isolated tenosynovitis and bony changes of the sulcus (bony spurs, shallow and dysplastic sulcus with subluxation of the LHB). Each abnormal finding was confirmed by x-ray and arthrography (some via CT) and compared with sonographic report. There seems to be a strikingly high percentage of rotator cuff tears connected with lesions of the LHB and the reduced filling of the sheath of the LHB, if combined lesions were apparent elsewhere in the shoulder. We consider sonography to be the method of choice in the assessment of LHB injuries; in case of verified lesion of the LHB, other pathologic conditions elsewhere in the shoulder are likely.
由于肱二头肌长头（LHB）独特的解剖结构和功能，其常发生病理改变。回顾354例肩部超声检查（7.5MHz）发现，报告有61例（占17%）LHB存在异常表现，如伴随撞击征Ⅱ期和Ⅲ期的退行性改变（萎缩、肥大、积液）、囊内破裂、急性孤立性腱鞘炎以及沟部的骨质改变（骨赘、浅而发育不良的沟伴LHB半脱位）。每项异常表现均经X线、关节造影（部分通过CT）证实，并与超声报告进行对比。如果肩部其他部位出现合并病变，与LHB损伤相关的肩袖撕裂以及LHB腱鞘充盈减少的比例似乎极高。我们认为超声是评估LHB损伤的首选方法；若LHB损伤得到证实，则肩部其他部位可能存在其他病理状况。
